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Spectral gradient is one of the indicators of soil freeze and thaw. A negative spectral gradient was a sign of frozen soil. A truck-mounted microwave radiometer observed the frozen ground in two experiments. However, the measured spectral gradient was positive when the surface is frozen. From experiment measured and model simulated result, the relationship between the amount of unfrozen water of frozen...
Interference effect happens in layered medium. The brightness temperature oscillation has been observed during the freezing process of over-saturated soil, which could be explained by interference effect and a three layer coherent model. The modeled BT is qualitatively in consistent with the measurement. It is shown that the interference must be considered when measuring frozen soil with ground based...
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