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During the last decade, many efforts have been made to develop techniques to integrate nanostructures in functional matrices. This activity, mainly boosted by advances in nanofabrication, has enabled the development of elegant methods for the development of planar nanodevices. However, the design and implementation of embedded three-dimensional (3D) nanoarchitectures with tunable spatial orientation...
Network optimization is used by operators to maximize return on investment and to ensure customer satisfaction with the quality of the delivered service. Coverage and capacity are the most important characteristics of any cellular network. In WCDMA networks, the pilot signal of a cell is used to determine the cell size, hence it can be used to determine the coverage area of the cell. Increasing or...
Network densification has been identified as one key enabling technology to address the 1000x mobile data challenge. This article analyzes network densification from the different deployment options perspective by looking into three mainstream technologies; Macrocells, Microcells, and Femtocells. The technologies are evaluated in a suburban neighborhood with modern residential houses. As majority...
In this paper macro performance in a co-channel macro and femto setup is studied. Measurements are performed in a live Universal Mobile Telecommunication System (UMTS) network. It is concluded that femto interference does not affect macro downlink (DL) performance as long as the macro Received Signal Code Power (RSCP) is stronger than femto RSCP. We also conclude that a macro escape carrier is a robust...
This paper presents a unique concept of `Spotlight coverage' for outdoor multi-antenna (or DAS) cellular systems. This concept helps in achieving high Signal-to-Interference Ratio (SIR) throughout the cell coverage area by effectively controlling the leakage into the neighboring cells. Interference and coverage analysis of traditional wall mounted and street lamp mounted (providing spotlight coverage)...
This paper discusses essential implementation aspects of simple amplify-and-forward type repeaters from the radio network planning point of view. Different RF-repeater configurations are assessed through numerical analysis and field measurements in WCDMA network. The target of this paper is to show the important factors regarding the repeater deployment, which have significant impact on the overall...
The target of the paper is to study performance of high speed uplink packet access (HSUPA) in indoor environment, applicability of uplink diversity reception for HSUPA, and to provide guidelines for HSUPA coverage planning indoor environment. The single-user measurements show that with the tested antenna configuration without diversity, maximum practical throughput varies between 1.4 and 1.6 Mbps,...
The aim of this paper is to show the special characteristics of the indoor environment related to radio propagation and furthermore to radio network planning. The aspects of the radio network planning are highlighted especially for Wideband Code Division Multiple Access (WCDMA) radio access technology that is used widely in the third generation mobile networks. Moreover, the detailed planning parameters...
The target of the paper is to provide guidelines for indoor planning and optimization using an outdoor-to-indoor repeater or a dedicated indoor system. The paper provides practical information for enhancing the performance of high-speed downlink packet access (HSDPA) in an indoor environment. The capabilities of an outdoor-to-indoor analog WCDMA repeater are set against a dedicated indoor system and,...
The impact of antenna downtilt on the performance of cellular WCDMA network has been studied by using a radio network planning tool. An optimum downtilt angle has been evaluated for numerous practical macrocellular site and antenna configurations for electrical and mechanical antenna downtilt concepts. The aim of this massive simulation campaign was expected to provide an answer to two questions:...
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