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A combined DPSK and 3-ASK modulation format for 100-Gb/s optical transport is reported as realizable at relatively low cost with currently available components. It is shown that metro and regional network transmission requirements are met.
A simplified formula for the gain and noise figure of distributed Raman amplification on fibers with large connector losses is derived. It is shown that OTDR measurements are required to estimate the available Raman gain
The application of PMD compensation in transmission systems is considered from a cost perspective. We find that PMD compensation is useful only for a limited range of systems and fiber PMD coefficients.
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