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State of charge (SOC) is one of the most critical parameters for indication of the remaining energy which is vital important for the safety and reliability of power system. In this paper, Levenberg-Marquardt (L-M) algorithm optimized multi-hidden-layer wavelet neural network (WNN) model and a series of novel intelligent SOC estimation methods using L-M based WNN are proposed. Particle swarm optimization...
Recently security issues like investment and financing in China's power industry have become increasingly prominent, bringing serious challenges to the financial security of the domestic power industry. Thus, it deserves to develop financial safety evaluation towards the Chinese power industry and is of practical significance. In this paper, the GA (genetic algorithm) is used to optimize the connection...
Most solar water heating systems (SWHS) are forced circulation systems using AC pumps. Controlled by an ON/OFF differential temperature sensing controller, the heat transfer fluid in a SWHS flows at a constant rate, and the controller consumes electricity. The controller and the sensors lead to system malfunctions, and AC pumps cycle between ON and OFF frequently under low solar irradiance. Hence,...
The SOC (state of charge) is the most important index of the battery management systems. However, it cannot be measured directly with sensors and must be estimated with mathematical techniques. An accurate battery model is crucial to exactly estimate the SOC. In order to improve the model accuracy, this paper presents an improved parameter identification method. Firstly, the concept of polarization...
Research on PV/T (photovoltaic/thermal) solar collectors has been conducted for years because the collector can provide electric power and thermal energy simultaneously. A tri-functional PV/T collector is presented and studied in this paper. The collector can work in PV/water-heating mode or PV/air-heating mode for different energy demands. For two working modes, steady-state model and dynamic model...
As a modified building-integrated solar thermal system, building-integrated dual-function solar collector here proposed is able to provide passive space heating in cold winter, and water heating in warm seasons. In this study, evaluations were made on this modified collector system for the warm period operation under the water heating mode with natural circulation of flow. A dynamic numerical model...
In the design of solar air heaters (SAHs), channel depth is a principal variable to be fixed. In this paper, the effect of the channel depth on the energy gain of type I and type III SAHs has been investigated by computational fluid dynamics (CFD) simulations. Laminar model and k–ω turbulence model of Wilcox are used for the prediction of flow and temperature field in SAHs. Our study shows that the...
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