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The increasing complexity of software in implantable medical devices such as cardiac pacemakers and defibrillators accounts for over 40% of device recalls. Testing remains the principal means of verification in the medical device certification regime. Traditional software test generation techniques, where the tests are generated independently of the operational environment, are not effective as the...
Unmanned aerial vehicles (UAVs) have recently become a viable platform for surveillance and exploration tasks. Several commercial quadrotor aircraft have been successfully used as surveillance equipment with groups such as United States and Canadian police forces, and additional applications for this technology could include exploration of ra-dioactive/hazmat environments, naval search and rescue,...
In 2010, over 20.3 million vehicles were recalled. Software issues related to automotive controls such as to cruise control, anti-lock braking system, traction control and stability control, account for an increasingly large percentage of the overall vehicles recalled. We have developed AutoPlug, an automotive Electronic Controller Unit (ECU) test-bed to diagnose, test, validate and verify controls...
The US Department of Energy estimates that 73% of electricity usage is consumed by buildings. The Heating, Ventilation and Air Conditioning (HVAC) systems account for almost 50% of the total energy budget. Demand-based pricing for commercial buildings makes it necessary for them to reduce power consumption during peak hours, when electricity is priced at a higher rate. Peaks in electricity demand...
Embedded wireless networks have largely focused on open-loop sensing and monitoring. To address actuation in closed-loop wireless control systems there is a strong need to re-think the communication architectures and protocols for reliability, coordination and control. As the links, nodes and topology of wireless systems are inherently unreliable, such time-critical and safety-critical applications...
Artificial pacemakers are one of the most widely-used implantable devices today, with millions implanted worldwide. The main purpose of an artificial pacemaker is to treat bradycardia, or slow heart beats, by pacing the atrium and ventricles at a faster rate. While the basic functionality of the device is fairly simple, there are many documented cases of death and injury due to device malfunctions...
Embedded wireless networks have largely focused on open loop sensing and monitoring. To address actuation in closed loop wireless control systems there is a strong need to re-think the communication architectures and protocols for reliability, coordination and control. As the links, nodes and topology of wireless systems are inherently unreliable, such time-critical and safety-critical applications...
The factory of the future is the wireless factory-fully programmable, nimble and adaptive to planned mode changes and unplanned faults. Today automotive assembly lines loose over $22,000 per minute of downtime. The systems are rigid, difficult to maintain, operate and diagnose. Our goal is to demonstrate the initial architecture and protocols for all-wireless factory control automation. Embedded wireless...
Resilience to electromagnetic jamming and its avoidance are difficult problems. It is often both hard to distinguish malicious jamming from congestion in the broadcast regime and a challenge to conceal the activity patterns of the legitimate communication protocol from the jammer. In the context of energy-constrained wireless sensor networks, nodes are scheduled to maximize the common sleep duration...
In many portable devices, wireless network interfaces consume upwards of 30% of scarce system energy. Reducing the transceiver's power consumption to extend the system lifetime has therefore become a design goal. Our work is targeted at this goal and is based on the following two observations. First, conventional energy management approaches have focused independently on minimizing the fixed energy...
Vehicle-to-vehicle communication protocols may be broadly classified into in three categories; bounded-delay safety alerts, persistent traffic warnings and streaming media for telematics applications. We focus on the first category of time-critical messaging as is it of greatest value to the driver and passengers. Safety alerts are transmitted from a vehicle during events such as loss of traction,...
Multi-hop wireless networks facilitate applications in metropolitan area broadband, home multimedia, surveillance and industrial control networks. Many of these applications require high end-to- end throughput and/or bounded delay. Random access link-layer protocols such as carrier sense multiple access (CSMA) which are widely used in single-hop networks perform poorly in the multi-hop regime and...
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