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Carbon fibre reinforced polymers (CFRPs) provide new, lightweight and durable possibilities in structural rehabilitation. However, their industrial applications are limited due to lack of knowledge on the durability and effectiveness of CFRP patches under field like exposures. This paper outlines an experimental investigation into the fatigue life of CFRP sheeting patched pre-cracked steel plates...
Carbon fibre reinforced polymers (CFRPs) provide new age possibilities in structural restoration. However, limited research is available on the combined effect of marine environment and fatigue loading on the bond behaviour between CFRP and steel. This paper outlines an experimental investigation into the durability of CFRP laminate and sheeting patched double-lap joints under elevated temperature...
Worldwide trading markets are becoming increasingly complex and competitive making it increasingly difficult for participants to optimise their trading actions. Electrical trading markets are no exception to this phenomenon and are faced with the additional and combined uncertainties associated with need to continuously balance supply and demand and trading decisions actions which are moving ever...
The UK electricity industry was amongst the first in the world to make the transposition from a nationalised monolithic entity towards a deregulated commercially competitive free market model consisting of suppliers, distributors and generators. This neo political market model has now been in place for over fifteen years and in that time both the commercial markets and physical electrical system have...
Conceptually the fuzzy cognitive agent (FCA) is the novel integration of fuzzy cognitive maps (FCM) and adaptive intelligent agent (AI-Agent) paradigms. FCAs fundamentally differ from traditional rule based AI-Agents as their inference is derived by a unique FCM that encapsulates the agent's beliefs and desires. The benefits of this architecture are two fold; firstly the knowledge elicitation process...
The world is becoming increasingly competitive by the action of liberalised national and global markets. In parallel these markets have become increasingly complex making it difficult for participants to optimise their trading actions. In response, many differing computer simulation techniques have been investigated to develop either a deeper understanding of these evolving markets or to create effective...
There exists guarded agreement that climate change is happening and that one cause may be the generation of greenhouse gasses released by the burning fossil fuels. Fossil-fuel fired electricity generation contributes to these emissions, and most western governments now recognise that their reduction offers the best hope of meeting international emission targets. Inevitably this will lead to closure...
The world is becoming increasingly competitive by the action of liberalised national, regional, or global markets. Electrical power systems are not immune to such change, and many national power systems have are now subject to the influence of overtly neo-liberal market models. The resulting electrical markets are subject to increasingly complex rule bases put in place to ensure that individual consumer...
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