The Infona portal uses cookies, i.e. strings of text saved by a browser on the user's device. The portal can access those files and use them to remember the user's data, such as their chosen settings (screen view, interface language, etc.), or their login data. By using the Infona portal the user accepts automatic saving and using this information for portal operation purposes. More information on the subject can be found in the Privacy Policy and Terms of Service. By closing this window the user confirms that they have read the information on cookie usage, and they accept the privacy policy and the way cookies are used by the portal. You can change the cookie settings in your browser.
N-Myc downstream-regulated gene 1 (NDRG1) expression is increased in placentas of human pregnancies with intrauterine growth restriction and in hypoxic cultured primary trophoblasts. We previously showed that elevated NDRG1 decreases trophoblast apoptosis induced by hypoxia. Separately, we found that pomegranate juice (PJ) decreases cell death induced by hypoxia in trophoblasts. Here, we test the...
Oxygen is pivotal in placental development and function. In vitro culture of human trophoblasts provides a useful model to study this phenomenon, but a hotly debated issue is whether or not the oxygen tension of the culture conditions mimics in vivo conditions. We tested the hypothesis that ambient oxygen tensions in culture reflect the pericellular oxygen levels.We used a microelectrode oxygen sensor...
Human placental villi are surfaced by the syncytiotrophoblast, a multinucleated, epithelial-cell layer that functions in maternal–fetal exchange. Mononucleated cytotrophoblasts are subjacent to the syncytiotrophoblast. Using confocal fluorescence microscopy of third-trimester villi, we previously found that cytotrophoblasts are often interdigitated into the syncytiotrophoblast, that cytotrophoblasts...
Autophagy is a burgeoning area of research from yeast to humans. Although previously described as a death pathway, autophagy is now considered an important survival phenomenon in response to environmental stressors to which most organs are exposed.Despite an ever expanding literature in non-placental cells, studies of autophagy in the placenta are lagging. We review the regulation of autophagy, summarize...
Human placental villi are surfaced by an outer multinucleated syncytiotrophoblast and underlying mononucleated cytotrophoblasts. Conflicting data have attributed one, or the other, of these villous trophoblast phenotypes to undergo enhanced apoptosis in complicated pregnancies, compared to term, normotensive pregnancies. We use high-resolution confocal microscopy after co-staining for E-cadherin,...
Oxygen is necessary for life yet too much or too little oxygen is toxic to cells. The oxygen tension in the maternal plasma bathing placental villi is <20mmHg until 10–12 weeks’ gestation, rising to 40–80mmHg and remaining in this range throughout the second and third trimesters. Maldevelopment of the maternal spiral arteries in the first trimester predisposes to placental dysfunction and sub-optimal...
Vitamin D is a pleiotropic secosteroid hormone important for health and disease prevention. The actions of vitamin D are mediated by the vitamin D receptor that binds the active form of vitamin D [1,25(OH) 2 D] to induce both transcriptional and non-genomic responses. Vitamin D has well known classical functions in calcium uptake and bone metabolism, but more recent work highlights the importance...
Set the date range to filter the displayed results. You can set a starting date, ending date or both. You can enter the dates manually or choose them from the calendar.