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Vaccinia virus, the prototype member of the poxvirus family, assembles two related infectious forms: the mature virion (MV) and the enveloped virion (EV). The MV consists of a core surrounded by a lipoprotein membrane. The EV is essentially an MV with an additional antigenically distinct outer membrane that must be disrupted prior to or during entry. Entry of the MV occurs by fusion of the lipoprotein...
Vaccinia virus (VACV) enters cells by a low pH endosomal route or by direct fusion with the plasma membrane. We previously found differences in entry properties of several VACV strains: entry of WR was enhanced by low pH, reduced by bafilomycin A1 and relatively unaffected by heparin, whereas entry of IHD-J, Copenhagen and Elstree were oppositely affected. Since binding and entry modes may have been...
Vaccinia virus (VACV) strain WR can enter cells by a low pH endosomal pathway or direct fusion with the plasma membrane at neutral pH. Here, we compared attachment and entry of five VACV strains in six cell lines and discovered two major patterns. Only WR exhibited pH 5-enhanced rate of entry following neutral pH adsorption to cells, which correlated with sensitivity to bafilomycin A1, an inhibitor...
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