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The present study was conducted to investigate changes in uncuffed endotracheal tube (ETT) leak during laparoscopic surgery. The study included 31 patients aged between 1 and 6 years scheduled for elective laparoscopic inguinal herniorrhaphy. Inspiratory and expiratory tidal volumes (TVi and TVe) were measured during mechanical ventilation, and ETT leak was calculated using the formula—ETT leak = (TVi − TVe)/TVi × 100 (%),...
Low concentrations of nitric oxide (NO) produced by constitutive NO synthase (cNOS) in pancreatic β-cells have been suggested to be a physiological regulator of insulin secretion. In contrast, excessive NO produced by inducible NO synthase is known to mediate β-cell apoptosis. The aim of the present study was to investigate the effect of low concentrations of NO on β-cell apoptosis.Apoptosis of the...
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