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Implanted vagus nerve stimulation (VNS) for obesity was recently approved by the FDA. However, its efficacy and mechanisms of action remain unclear. Herein, we synthesize clinical and preclinical effects of VNS on feeding behavior and energy balance and discuss engineering considerations for understanding and improving the therapy. Clinical cervical VNS (≤30 Hz) to treat epilepsy or depression has...
The effects of kilohertz frequency signals on action potential conduction in small myelinated (1 to 5.7 µm diameter) and unmyelinated axons are poorly understood, but could have important therapeutic applications. We developed a finite element model of a compound peripheral nerve and quantified the effects of a 5 kHz signal delivered via cuff electrode on conduction in small myelinated and unmyelinated...
Cellular and molecular MRI trafficking studies using superparamagnetic iron oxide (SPIO) have greatly improved non-invasive investigations of disease progression and drug efficacy, but thus far, these studies have largely been restricted to qualitative assessment of hypo- or hyperintense areas near SPIO. In this work, SPIO quantification using inversion recovery balanced steady-state free precession...
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