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The susceptibility of the mammary gland to carcinogenesis is influenced by its normal development, particularly during developmental stages such as puberty and pregnancy that are characterized by marked changes in proliferation and differentiation. Protein kinases are important regulators of proliferation and differentiation, as well as of neoplastic transformation, in a wide array of tissues, including...
Calcium is an important second messenger in eukaryotic cells. Many of the effects of calcium are mediated via its interaction with calmodulin and the subsequent activation of Ca 2+ /calmodulin-dependent (CaM) kinases. CaM kinases are involved in a wide variety of cellular processes including muscle contraction, neurotransmitter release, cell cycle control, and transcriptional regulation. While...
We previously identified a novel protein kinase, Hunk, by means of a degenerate PCR screen designed to isolate kinases expressed in the murine mammary gland. We now describe the molecular cloning, chromosomal localization, and activity of this kinase and characterize its spatial and temporal pattern of expression in the mouse. We have isolated a 5.0-kb full-length cDNA clone that contains the 714-amino-acid...
Germline mutations in the putative tumor suppressor gene,BRCA1,predispose women to dramatically elevated risks of breast cancer, while germline mutations in the structurally unrelated gene,BRCA2,predispose both men and women to breast cancer. Recent studies have suggested an important developmental role for the murine homologue ofBRCA1in the regulation of proliferation and differentiation. At the...
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