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The binding of the isomers (all-trans, 13-cis, 11-cis and 9-cis) of 5-demethylretinal to bacterioopsin and the light-dark adaptation as well as the light-driven proton pump action of the resulting bacteriorhodopsin analogue were studied. The (5-demethyl)-bacteriorhodopsinis formed ~ 3-times faster than unmodified bacteriorhodopsin and shows an efficient light-driven proton pump action. These findings...