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The extraction and refining process of unconventional oils, including heavy and extra heavy oils, has been a challenge to be overcome in the petrochemical industry. These oils typically comprise polar compounds responsible for some undesirable properties, such as naphthenic acids (NAs), which can be associated with the high corrosion rates in refineries. In this context, corrosion caused by NAs is...
When preparing a blend, a “new” oil is formed with characteristics that are different when compared to the original matrix (oil or blend). Thus, it is important to evaluate the impact of this mixture on the new physicochemical properties produced. In this study, four oils were used for the production of 68 blends as follows: two offshore oils designated as A and B (American Petroleum Industry (API)...
Naphthenic acids are recognized as the main corrosive species in acidic crude oils, although they represent less than 3wt%. Alternative methods have been developed in an attempt to remove naphthenic acids from the oil, however, their implementation in petrochemical industry still represents a challenge. Herein, a sub-product of the steel industry, steel slag, is evaluated as an economic alternative...
Naphthenic acids were identified as the main corrosive species in acidic crudes, although they represent less than 3% wt. The determination of naphthenic acid concentration in oils is one of the first tasks for naphthenic corrosion studies, being expressed still by the total acid number (TAN). However, the TAN is not directly correlated to the corrosivity of naphthenic acids, and therefore it is important...
Although the term “naphthenic acids” was originally used to describe acids that contain naphthenic rings, today this term is used in a more general sense and refers to all components in the acid extractable fraction. In crude oil, naphthenic acids exist as a complex mixture of compounds with broad polydispersity with respect to both molecular weight and structure. There has been increasing interest...
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