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Quinine and chloroquine poisoning are characterized by severe cardiovascular toxicity resulting from sodium and potassium channel blockade, leading to hypotension, shock, arrhythmias and cardiac arrest. Quinine poisoning can cause irreversible visual loss. Severity of symptoms is closely related to the ingested dose and plasma concentration. Single-dose activated charcoal can be given within 1 hour...
The serotonin syndrome is the clinical manifestation of serotonin toxicity in patients taking one or more serotonergic agents. It is characterized by features of neuromuscular hyperactivity, autonomic instability and alteration of mental status. Management consists of discontinuation of the offending drug and supportive care. Cyproheptadine and chlorpromazine, which have 5-hydroxytryptamine type 2A...
Paracetamol poisoning is common worldwide. It is treated with intravenous acetylcysteine, but the standard regimen is complex and associated with frequent adverse effects related to concentration, which can cause treatment interruption. We aimed to ascertain whether adverse effects could be reduced with either a shorter modified acetylcysteine schedule, antiemetic pretreatment, or both. We undertook...
The serotonin syndrome is the clinical manifestation of serotonin toxicity in patients taking one or more serotonergic agents. It is characterized by features of neuromuscular hyperactivity, autonomic instability and alteration of mental status. Management consists of discontinuation of the offending drug and supportive care. Cyproheptadine and chlorpromazine which have 5-HT 2A antagonistic...
Gamma-hydroxybutyric acid (GHB; liquid ecstasy, sodium oxybate) is a drug of abuse which is increasingly used recreationally and has been implicated in cases of ‘drug rape’. GHB-intoxicated patients may appear sedated or may show paradoxical agitation. After ingestion of a toxic amount of GHB, rapid onset of respiratory depression and deep coma may occur, resolving spontaneously within 24 hours with...
The serotonin syndrome is the clinical manifestation of serotonin toxicity in patients taking one or more serotonergic agents. It is characterized by features of neuromuscular hyperactivity, autonomic instability and alteration of mental status. Management consists of discontinuation of the offending drug and supportive care. Cyproheptadine and chlorpromazine which have 5-HT 2A antagonistic...
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