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Commensal bacteria shape the colonic regulatory T (Treg) cell population required for intestinal tolerance. However, little is known about this process. Here, we use the transfer of naive commensal-reactive transgenic T cells expressing colonic Treg T cell receptors (TCRs) to study peripheral Treg (pTreg) cell development in normal hosts. We found that T cells were activated primarily in the distal...
The contribution of thymic antigen-presenting-cell (APC) subsets in selecting a self-tolerant T cell population remains unclear. We show that bone marrow (BM) APCs and medullary thymic epithelial cells (mTECs) played nonoverlapping roles in shaping the T cell receptor (TCR) repertoire by deletion and regulatory T (Treg) cell selection of distinct TCRs. Aire, which induces tissue-specific antigen expression...
In this issue, Dang et al. (2011) report a role for the hypoxia-induced transcription factor HIF-1α in regulating the differentiation of T cell subsets that impact both inflammation and its resolution. Their findings illustrate how metabolic signals can alter the balance between inflammation and tolerance and present a potential therapeutic opportunity for the treatment of diseases associated with...
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