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Background: T H2 cytokines are associated with airway inflammation and hyperreactivity in bronchial asthma, and restoration of the T H1 /T H2 imbalance is a potential avenue for novel therapies. IL-18 is a cytokine secreted by activated macrophages, and it shares some of its biologic activities with IL-12, a typical T H1 -type cytokine. Although IL-18 and IL-12 act...