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Human schlafen11 is a novel restriction factor for HIV-1 based on bias regarding relative synonymous codon usage (RSCU). Here, we report the cloning of equine schlafen11 (eSLFN11) and the characteristics of its role in restricting the production of equine infectious anemia virus (EIAV), a retrovirus similar to HIV-1. Overexpression of eSLFN11 inhibited EIAV replication, whereas knockdown of endogenous...
A recent histopathologic study implicated human tonsillar crypt epithelium as an important site for EV71 replication in EV71-caused fatal cases. This study aimed to confirm the susceptibility of human tonsillar epithelium to EV71. Two human tonsillar epithelial cell lines (UT-SCC-60A and UT-SCC-60B) were susceptive to EV71, and PI3K/AKT, p38, ERK1/2, and JNK1/2 signal pathways were activated. Interferon-α,...
One approach to the development of an HIV vaccine is to design a protein template which can present gp120 epitopes inducing cross-neutralizing antibodies. To select a V3 sequence for immunogen design, we compared the neutralizing activities of 18 anti-V3 monoclonal antibodies (mAbs) derived from Cameroonian and Indian individuals infected with clade AG and C, respectively. It was found that V3 mAbs...
The recent analysis of the first successful RV144 vaccine trial revealed that a high titer of plasma anti-V2 antibodies (Abs) correlated with a decreased risk of HIV-1 infection in vaccine recipients. To understand the mechanism of immune correlates, we studied seven anti-V2 monoclonal Abs (mAbs) developed from HIV-1 infected individuals. The V2 mAbs target conserved epitopes, including the binding...
Human astrovirus is one of the important causes for viral gastroenteritis in young children. In previous study where we examined the molecular epidemiology of human astrovirus (HAstV) infection in infants in Wuhan City, we isolated and identified a new subtype (WH1859) of HAstV genotype 3 from an infant with diarrhea. The sequence analysis of this strain showed that the complete region of ORF2 of...
The highly immunosuppressive leporipoxvirus myxoma, previously was shown to promote the loss of cell surface class I major histocompatibility complex (MHC I) molecules. Here, we show that myxoma virus induces the loss of both cell surface and intracellular post-Golgi, β 2 -microglobulin-associated MHC I. Myxoma-induced loss of these MHC I molecules is abrogated by vacuolar ATPase inhibitors,...
We describe the use of a new baculovirus expression vector to enable the secretion of the major surface glycoprotein of HIV-1 (gp120) fused to the carboxy-terminus of the widely used affinity tag glutathione S -transferase. The secreted protein can be purified in a single step with the minimum of denaturation on immobilised glutathione and is as active as the parental molecule in binding CD4. We use...
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