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There is an ever-growing need in the electronics packaging industry for high performance, polymer-based materials having increased electrical and thermal conductivity. All too often the steps taken to reach higher conductivities are accompanied by undesirable property tradeoffs such as reduced adhesion, compliance, and toughness and increased viscosity. In certain cases, fundamental physical limitations...
New developments in the electronics industry have resulted in higher power chips. Unfortunately as these devices run at higher power, they dramatically increase the heat produced. New thermal management materials that exceed the performance of current commercially available greases, gels and adhesives were developed to meet these higher thermal loads. These materials were created using a dense particle...
Polycarbonate fibers based single wall and multi-wall nanotubes (SWNT and MWNT) were prepared by first dispersing the nanotubes via solvent blending and/or melt extrusion followed by melt spinning the composites to facilitate nanotube alignment along the fiber axis. Morphological studies involving polarized Raman spectroscopy and wide angle X-ray scattering using a synchrotron radiation source show...
The effect of sodium montmorillonite source on the morphology and properties of nylon 6 nanocomposites was examined using equivalent experimental conditions. Sodium montmorillonite samples acquired from two well-known mines, Yamagata, Japan, and Wyoming, USA, were ion exchanged with the same alkyl ammonium chloride compound. The resulting organoclays were extruded with a high molecular weight grade...
Nylon 6 nanocomposites based on various quaternary alkyl ammonium organoclays were prepared by melt processing using a twin screw extruder. Dilute solution viscosity techniques were used to evaluate the level of polymer molecular weight degradation experienced during nanocomposite compounding; whereas colorimeter techniques were used to document color formation. In general, a significant reduction...
The reinforcement of nylon 6 by layered aluminosilicates (LAS) and glass fibers was examined using the composite theories of Halpin–Tsai and Mori–Tanaka. Theoretical comparisons show that exfoliated LAS offer superior reinforcement to glass fibers owing to the filler's high modulus, high aspect ratio, and its ability to reinforce in two directions. The effect of incomplete exfoliation of simple stacks...
The crystallization behavior of nylon 6 nanocomposites formed by melt processing was investigated. Nanocomposites were produced by extruding mixtures of organically modified montmorillonite and molten nylon 6 using a twin screw extruder. Isothermal and non-isothermal crystallization studies involving differential scanning calorimetry (DSC) were conducted on samples to understand how organoclay concentration...
The rheological behavior of compression molded mixtures of polycarbonate containing between 0.5 and 15wt% carbon nanotubes was investigated using oscillatory rheometry at 260°C. The nanotubes have diameters between 10 and 15nm and lengths ranging from 1 to 10μm. The composites were obtained by diluting a masterbatch containing 15wt% nanotubes using a twin-screw extruder. The increase in viscosity...
The linear thermal expansion behavior of nanocomposites was measured and compared with the theory by Chow. Nanocomposites were prepared by melt mixing organically modified montmorillonite with high and low molecular weight (LMW) grades of nylon 6 using a twin screw extruder. Thermal expansion measurements were made on samples taken from injection-molded Izod bars in the flow direction (FD), transverse...
A carefully selected series of organic amine salts were ion exchanged with sodium montmorillonite to form organoclays varying in amine structure or exchange level relative to the clay. Each organoclay was melt-mixed with a high molecular grade of nylon 6 (HMW) using a twin screw extruder; some organoclays were also mixed with a low molecular grade of nylon 6 (LMW). Wide angle X-ray scattering, transmission...
Organoclay nanocomposites based on three different molecular weight grades of nylon 6 were prepared by melt processing using a twin screw extruder. Mechanical properties, transmission electron microscopy, wide-angle X-ray diffraction, and rheological measurements were used to characterize the three types of composites. Tensile modulus and yield strength were found to increase with increasing concentration...
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