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A method for predicting the long-term average conventional energy displaced by a photovoltaic system comprising of a photovoltaic array, a storage battery, some power conditioning equipment with maximum power tracking capability and an auxiliary power facility, is described. System simulation is done over the average day of the month. Average hourly energy flows are estimated from a knowledge of array...
The long-term annual thermal energy delivery per unit of collector area of commonly used collector types and configurations, for a range of operating temperatures, are calculated for representative locations in Zimbabwe. A well-known model found in the literature is the basic tool of analysis, the only modifications being, the use of a locally-derived correlation of the monthly average diffuse fraction...