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This paper describes an audio steganography using low bits coding. This approach is to replace the data of lower bit in a cover audio data by a secret data. We used wave file as an audio data. The wave file format is a subset of Microsoft's RIFF specification for the storage of multimedia files. We used 8 bits mono audio data. The secret data is a written text file. We propose two kinds of new methods...
Poly(A) tail has been known to enhance mRNA translation in eukaryotic cells. However, the effect of poly(A) tail in in vitro is rather small. Rabbit reticulocyte lysate (RRL) is widely used for studying translation in vitro. Translation in RRL is typically performed in nuclease-treated lysate in which most of the endogenous mRNA have been removed. In this condition, the difference in the translational...
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