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Synaptic transmission requires the localization of presynaptic release machinery to active zones. Mechanisms regulating the abundance of such synaptic proteins at individual release sites are likely determinants of site-specific synaptic efficacy. We now identify a role for the small GTPase Rab3 in regulating the distribution of presynaptic components to active zones. At Drosophila rab3 mutant NMJs,...
Central neurons develop and maintain molecularly distinct synaptic specializations for excitatory and inhibitory transmitters, often only microns apart on their dendritic arbor. Progress towards understanding the molecular basis of synaptogenesis has come from several recent studies using a coculture system of non-neuronal cells expressing molecules that generate presynaptic or postsynaptic ‘hemi-synapses’...
Formation of synaptic connections requires alignment of neurotransmitter receptors on postsynaptic dendrites opposite matching transmitter release sites on presynaptic axons. β-neurexins and neuroligins form a trans-synaptic link at glutamate synapses. We show here that neurexin alone is sufficient to induce glutamate postsynaptic differentiation in contacting dendrites. Surprisingly, neurexin also...
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