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Manganese (Mn) is highly abundant as MnO 2 in marine sediments. During hypoxia in bottom waters, the reduced bioavailable fraction of manganese, Mn 2+ , increases. Thereby, Norway lobster, Nephrops norvegicus, can experience concentrations up to 1000 times normoxic levels. A previous study has shown that exposure to a realistic concentration of 20mgl −1 of Mn for 10 days reduced...