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The concept of immunotherapy as a modality to treat cancer was recognized more than a hundred years ago. High-dose interleukin-2 (IL-2) was one of the first agents to demonstrate that the host's immune system can be harnessed to treat even advanced malignancy, as was shown in a subset of patients with renal cancer and melanoma. Many tumours are immunogenic and provoke a host immune response, but this...
Chemotherapy drugs exert their effects by interfering with the processes involved in cell division. Their therapeutic use stems from their ability to cause a greater proportion of cell kill in cancer cells as opposed to normal cells. In this article we discuss the clinical uses of chemotherapy, their mechanisms of action, important toxicities, and patterns of resistance.
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