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Nucleoside modifications are introduced into the ribosomal RNA during the assembly of the ribosome. The number and the localization of the modified nucleosides in rRNAs are known for several organisms. In bacteria, rRNA modified nucleosides are synthesized by a set of specific enzymes, the majority of which have been identified in Escherichia coli. Each rRNA modification enzyme recognizes its substrate...
Pseudouridine [Ψ] is a frequent base modification in the ribosomal RNA [rRNA] and may be involved in the modulation of the conformational flexibility of rRNA helix-loop structures during protein synthesis. Helix 69 of 23S rRNA contains pseudouridines at the positions 1911, 1915 and 1917 which are formed by the helix 69-specific synthase RluD. The growth defect caused by the lack of RluD can be rescued...
Intersubunit bridges are important for holding together subunits in the 70S ribosome. Moreover, a number of intersubunit bridges have a role in modulating the activity of the ribosome during translation. Ribosomal intersubunit bridge B2a is formed by the interaction between the conserved 23S rRNA helix–loop 69 (H69) and the top of the 16S rRNA helix 44. Within the 70S ribosome, bridge B2a contacts...
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