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The human skeleton is a miracle of engineering, combining both toughness and light weight. It does so because bones possess cellular mechanisms wherein external mechanical loads are sensed. These mechanical loads are transformed into biological signals, which ultimately direct bone formation and/or bone resorption. Osteocytes, since they are ubiquitous in the mineralized matrix, are the cells that...
Matrix strains due to external loading are different in bones of different pathologies with different bone mineral density (BMD), and are likely sensed by the osteocytes, the putative bone mechanosensors. The mechanosensitivity of osteocytes appears to be strongly influenced by their morphology. In this study, we explored the possibility that osteocyte morphology might play a role in various bone...
External mechanical forces on cells are known to influence cytoskeletal structure and thus cell shape. Mechanical loading in long bones is unidirectional along their long axes, whereas the calvariae are loaded at much lower amplitudes in different directions. We hypothesised that if osteocytes, the putative bone mechanosensors, can indeed sense matrix strains directly via their cytoskeleton, the 3D...
Bone remodelling is a dynamic process that requires the coordinated interaction of osteocytes, osteoblasts, and osteoclasts, collaborating in basic multicellular units (BMUs). Communication between these cells can be by extracellular soluble molecules as well as directly propagating intercellular signalling molecules. Key to the understanding of bone remodelling is osteocyte mechanosensing and chemical...
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