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In Alzheimer’s disease, neurotransmitter alterations, for example acetylcholine deficiency and a surplus of the excitotoxic glutamate have been described and are associated with cognitive impairment. An interaction between acetylcholine deficiency and beta-amyloid formation has also been reported. Neurotransmitter imbalances between noradrenaline, dopamine and 5-HT on the one hand, and acetylcholine,...
Schizophrenia and bipolar disorder are generally treated by second-generation antipsychotic drugs. Although they better treat negative schizophrenic symptoms and they exert less often extrapyramidal side effects than first-generation antipschotic drugs, cardiac and metabolic adverse effects weaken their therapeutic effect. Cariprazine, a partial agonist at D2 and D3 receptors, was approved for the...
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