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In a biogas diesel predominantly premixed charge compression ignition (BDPPCCI) engine the effect of composition of biogas on combustion, performance and emissions was experimentally investigated. A twin cylinder automotive common rail engine with an open electronic control unit was run on one of its cylinders in this mode while the other cylinder was nonfunctional. Three biogas compositions with...
This paper presents a new hybrid optimisation technique for voltage stability prediction called Artificial Immune Least Square Support Vector Machine (AILSVM). In this paper, a newly developed index named as Voltage Stability Condition Indicator (VSCI) was used to assess the stability condition of load buses in a system. VSCI was derived from a current equation in a complex form of a general 2-bus...
The soils at a local petroleum storage facility were reportedly contaminated through the seepage of hydrocarbon into the ground. The ground contamination was subsequently remediated using thermal treatment to a safety level accepted by the relevant environmental standards. The treated soils were then placed into a designed pit as a waste material. This study examines the suitability of the treated...
Load forecasting is very essential to the operation of electric utility. It is a pre-requisite to economic dispatch of electrical power and enhances the efficiency besides ensuring reliable operation of a power system. Electrical energy demand is highly dependent on various independent variables such as the weather, temperature, holidays, and days in a week. The accuracy of the forecast is important...
This paper presents the short term load forecasting (STLF) to predict the demand in the future. STLF is a method used to predict a day ahead, 24 hours load demand. Two factors were considered in this forecasting: time and also the temperature of the day. The main objective of this project is to analyze the profile or pattern of the forecasted load and also to predict the load demand during weekends...
This paper describes the challenges faced by the California ISO in testing the integration of the new California real-time nodal market with the energy management system. The paper addresses how an operator training simulator was used for testing the real time market and some critical functions of EMS. CAISO's EMS dispatcher training simulator was modified and coupled with CAISO's market applications...
Palm carotene was successfully concentrated from crude palm oil by a single-stage chromatographic process on a synthetic porous polymer. Carotene was concentrated to about 105 ppm solution, which is about 160 times the original concentration in crude palm oil. Carotene recovery varied from 40 to 65% depending upon chromatographic conditions. The fatty acid composition of the palm oil did not change...
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