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Special mechanisms of mutation are induced in microbes under growth-limiting stress causing genetic instability, including occasional adaptive mutations that may speed evolution. Both the mutation mechanisms and their control by stress have remained elusive. We provide evidence that the molecular basis for stress-induced mutagenesis in an E. coli model is error-prone DNA double-strand break repair...
The neo-Darwinists suggested that evolution is constant and gradual, and thus that genetic changes that drive evolution should be too. However, more recent understanding of phenomena called adaptive mutation in microbes indicates that mutation rates can be elevated in response to stress, producing beneficial and other mutations. We review evidence that, in Escherichia coli, two separate mechanisms...
Plasmid-based cloning and expression of genes in Escherichia coli can have several problems: plasmid destabilization; toxicity of gene products; inability to achieve complete repression of gene expression; non-physiological overexpression of the cloned gene; titration of regulatory proteins; and the requirement for antibiotic selection. We describe a simple system for cloning and expression of genes...
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