Search results for: Terry Barker

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China’s air pollution reduction efforts may result in an increase in surface ozone levels in highly polluted areas

Annela Anger, Olivier Dessens, Fengming Xi, Terry Barker, more

Ambio > 2016 > 45 > 2 > 254-265

China, as a fast growing fossil-fuel-based economy, experiences increasing levels of air pollution. To tackle air pollution, China has taken the first steps by setting emission–reduction targets for nitrogen oxides (NO_x) and sulphur dioxide (SO₂) in the 11th and 12th Five Year Plans. This paper uses two models—the Energy–Environment–Economy Model at the Global level (E3MG)...

article

Effects of decarbonising international shipping and aviation on climate mitigation and air pollution

Olivier Dessens, Annela Anger, Terry Barker, John Pyle

Environmental Science and Policy > 2014 > 44 > Complete > 1-10

This paper assesses the effects of a global emissions trading scheme (GETS) for international aviation and shipping as a way of reducing emissions of both greenhouse gases (GHG) and other atmospheric emissions that lead to air pollution. A prior assessment of such integration requires the coupling of energy–environment–economy (E3) global modelling of mitigation policies with the atmospheric modelling...

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Are estimated costs of stringent mitigation biased?

Terry Barker, Douglas Crawford-Brown

Climatic Change > 2013 > 121 > 2 > 129-138

We take issue with the claim by Tavoni and Tol (Clim Chang 100:769–778, 2010) that reviews of the macroeconomic costs of achieving the 2 °C climate target have been affected by selection bias and have underestimated the costs. Although many more cost estimates are available in the literature, they have restricted their survey to the data in the EMF22 study, with a limited set of model solutions for...

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Pushing the boundaries of climate economics: critical issues to consider in climate policy analysis

S. Şerban Scrieciu, Terry Barker, Frank Ackerman

Ecological Economics > 2013 > 85 > Complete > 155-165

Climate policy choices are influenced by the economics literature which analyses the costs and benefits of alternative strategies for climate action. This literature, in turn, rests on a series of choices about: the values and assumptions underlying the economic analysis; the methodologies for treating dynamics, technological change, risk and uncertainty; and the assumed interactions between economic...

article

The Clean Development Mechanism and low carbon development: A panel data analysis

Yongfu Huang, Terry Barker

Energy Economics > 2012 > 34 > 4 > 1033-1040

The Clean Development Mechanism (CDM) of Kyoto Protocol, designed for the industrialized countries to earn emission credits by investing in greenhouse gas (GHG) emission reduction projects in developing countries, shall contribute to emission reductions and sustainable development in the host countries. However, whether the CDM is achieving its dual goals has been questionable. This research empirically...

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Ozone and PM related health co-benefits of climate change policies in Mexico

Douglas Crawford-Brown, Terry Barker, Annela Anger, Olivier Dessens

Environmental Science and Policy > 2012 > 17 > Complete > 33-40

This paper reports the results of extending a previous analysis of reductions in ozone exposures resulting from greenhouse gas reduction policies in Mexico, to the case of estimating reductions in premature death and risks of non-fatal diseases following reductions in both ozone and particulate matter exposures. The results show that a policy of greenhouse gas reduction in the Mexican economy by 77%...

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Low-carbon development in the least developed region: a case study of Guangyuan, Sichuan province, southwest China

Dabo Guan, Terry Barker

Natural Hazards > 2012 > 62 > 2 > 243-254

The Wenchuan earthquake in 2008 has resulted in 50% of Guangyuan city facing recovery from different extents of damages. The massive reconstruction provides a good opportunity for Guangyuan city to response to the National Council’s call for tackling climate change by developing a harmonised and low-carbon economy. However, there are many arguments about the definition of ‘low carbon’ and the framework...

article

The use of scenarios as the basis for combined assessment of climate change mitigation and adaptation

Detlef P. van Vuuren, Morna Isaac, Zbigniew W. Kundzewicz, Nigel Arnell, more

Global Environmental Change > 2011 > 21 > 2 > 575-591

Scenarios are used to explore the consequences of different adaptation and mitigation strategies under uncertainty. In this paper, two scenarios are used to explore developments with (1) no mitigation leading to an increase of global mean temperature of 4°C by 2100 and (2) an ambitious mitigation strategy leading to 2°C increase by 2100. For the second scenario, uncertainties in the climate system...

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Integrated modelling of climate control and air pollution: Methodology and results from one-way coupling of an energy–environment–economy (E3MG) and atmospheric chemistry model (p-TOMCAT) in decarbonising scenarios for Mexico to 2050

Terry Barker, Annela Anger, Olivier Dessens, Hector Pollitt, more

Environmental Science and Policy > 2010 > 13 > 8 > 661-670

This paper reports the methodology and results of an one-way coupling of the E3 Model at the Global level (E3MG) model to the global atmospheric chemistry model, p-TOMCAT, to assess the effects on the concentrations of atmospheric gases over Mexico of a low-GHG scenario compared to an alternative reference case with higher use of fossil fuels. The paper covers the data and methods, changes in atmospheric...

article

Comparison of top-down and bottom-up estimates of sectoral and regional greenhouse gas emission reduction potentials

Detlef P. van Vuuren, Monique Hoogwijk, Terry Barker, Keywan Riahi, more

Energy Policy > 2009 > 37 > 12 > 5125-5139

The Fourth Assessment Report of IPCC reports that greenhouse gas emissions can be reduced by about 30–50% in 2030 at costs below 100 US$/tCO ₂ based on an assessment of both bottom-up and top-down studies. Here, we have looked in more detail into the outcomes of specific models and also analyzed the economic potentials at the sectoral and regional level. At the aggregated level, the findings...

article

The macroeconomic rebound effect and the world economy

Terry Barker, Athanasios Dagoumas, Jonathan Rubin

Energy Efficiency > 2009 > 2 > 4 > 411-427

This paper examines the macroeconomic rebound effect for the global economy arising from energy-efficiency policies. Such policies are expected to be a leading component of climate policy portfolios being proposed and adopted in order to achieve climate stabilisation targets for 2020, 2030 and 2050, such as the G8 50% reduction target by 2050. We apply the global “New Economics” or Post Keynesian...

article

The economics of avoiding dangerous climate change. An editorial essay on The Stern Review

Terry Barker

Climatic Change > 2008 > 89 > 3-4 > 173-194

The problem of avoiding dangerous climate change requires analysis from many disciplines. Mainstream economic thinking about the problem has shifted with the Stern Review from a single-discipline focus on cost-benefit analysis to a new inter-disciplinary and multi-disciplinary risk analysis, already evident in the IPCC Third Assessment Report. This shift is more evidence of the failure of the traditional,...

article

The Stern Review and the IPCC fourth assessment report: implications for interaction between policymakers and climate experts. An editorial essay

Klaus Hasselmann, Terry Barker

Climatic Change > 2008 > 89 > 3-4 > 219-229

article

Carbon leakage from unilateral Environmental Tax Reforms in Europe, 1995–2005

Terry Barker, Sudhir Junankar, Hector Pollitt, Philip Summerton

Energy Policy > 2007 > 35 > 12 > 6281-6292

Studies of the effects of the Kyoto Protocol have shown carbon leakage (typically from tax and permit schemes with lump-sum revenues recycling) to be in the range of 5–20% using static Computable General Equilibrium models. However, in practice, researchers have found that carbon leakage from the implementation of the EU ETS is unlikely to be substantial because transport costs, local market conditions,...

article

The macro-economic rebound effect and the UK economy

Terry Barker, Paul Ekins, Tim Foxon

Energy Policy > 2007 > 35 > 10 > 4935-4946

This paper examines the macroeconomic rebound effect for the UK economy arising from energy efficiency policies 2000–2010 using the macroeconomic model, MDM-E3. The literature distinguishes between three types of rebound effect: direct, indirect and economy-wide. The macroeconomic rebound effect considered here is the combination of the indirect and economy-wide effects. Policies for the domestic,...

article

Macroeconomic effects of efficiency policies for energy-intensive industries: The case of the UK Climate Change Agreements, 2000–2010

Terry Barker, Paul Ekins, Tim Foxon

Energy Economics > 2007 > 29 > 4 > 760-778

This paper reports a study modeling the UK Climate Change Agreements (CCAs) and related energy-efficiency policies for energy-intensive industrial sectors. Bottom–up estimates of the effects of these policies are introduced into the energy-demand equations of a top–down dynamic econometric model of the UK economy with fifty industrial sectors, MDM-E3. This allowed estimation of the effects of the...

article

Representing global climate change, adaptation and mitigation

Terry Barker

Global Environmental Change > 2003 > 13 > 1 > 1-6

The diagrammatic representation of climate change, adaptation and mitigation is important in conceptualizing the problem, identifying important feedbacks, and communicating between disciplines. The Synthesis Report of the IPCC's Third Assessment Report, 2001, uses a ''cause and effect'' approach developed in the integrated assessment literature. This viewpoint reviews this approach and suggests an...

article

Costs of greenhouse gas abatement: meta-analysis of post-SRES mitigation scenarios

Terry Barker, Jonathan Köhler, Marcelo Villena

Environmental Economics and Policy Studies > 2002 > 5 > 2 > 135-166

Economic analyses have produced widely differing estimates of the economic implications of policies for greenhouse gas (GHG) mitigation, ranging from high costs to modest benefits. The main reason for the differences appears to be differences in approaches and assumptions. This paper analyzes the extent to which the post-SRES¹ (after the IPCC Special Report on Emissions Scenarios) model results for...

article

The Role of EU Internal Policies in Implementing Greenhouse Gas Mitigation Options to Achieve Kyoto Targets

Terry Barker, Tom Kram, Sebastian Oberthür, Monique Voogt

International Environmental Agreements: Politics, Law and Economics > 2001 > 1 > 2 > 243-265

This paper reviews the role of internal European Union (EU) policies and measures in implementing the target for greenhouse gas mitigation in the Kyoto Protocol. It starts with a discussion of the EU Burden Sharing Agreement, which distributes the target between Member States. This leads to a review of the appropriate level of implementation of policies, i.e. at the EU level or Member State level...

article

Procedural leadership in climate policy: a European task

Carlo C. Jaeger, Terry Barker, Ottmar Edenhofer, Sylvie Faucheux, more

Global Environmental Change > 1997 > 7 > 3 > 195-203

In the process which has led to the UN Framework Convention on Climate Change, the European Union played an active role. In those years, the long-run perspective of European climate policy was geared to the idea of a carbon tax, while the US and OPEC formed a blocking coalition. Meanwhile, the US has adopted a more open attitude to climate policy, but it is highly unlikely that a substantial carbon...

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