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A direct observation wear machine (DOWM) has been built thatallows a lubricated ball sample to be observed through a rotatingsapphire countersurface while being slid at engineering speedsand loads. By comparing changes in the scar size with changes inthe appearance it is possible to identify pro and antiwearprocesses.
Wear tests were performed in five oil formulations using AISI-52100 balls softened down to 35 Rc. Two configurations were used: four tempered balls, and three tempered balls with a hard spindle ball. The antiwear additives gave low wear constants at all hardnesses except for the softer balls in the four-tempered-balls configuration. Indeed, in many instances moderate softening of the steel actually...
The mechanisms of boundary lubrication were investigated by comparing the capability of selected oil blends to protect 52100 steel, silicon nitride, and partially stabilized zirconia from wear. A four-ball wear tester was used and the test parameters were varied to find the optimum conditions for each material/lubricant combination. Additives were considered effective when both the wear rate in the...
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