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During 2015, samples from 22 apple trees showing proliferation symptoms were collected in southwest Bulgaria and Central and South Poland and tested for phytoplasma presence. ‘Candidatus Phytoplasma mali’ was identified in 18 samples based on results of restriction fragment length polymorphism (RFLP) analysis of the 16S rRNA gene amplified in nested PCR using primer pair P1/P7 followed by R16F2n/R16R2...
For breeding purposes, the number of neo-tetraploids of apple cultivars have been derived by in vitro technique. The first attempts at rooting and acclimatization of tetraploid shoots failed. The aim of the study was to develop an effective method for rooting microcuttings of apple neo-tetraploids. In the first stage of the study, in vitro rooting method was optimized for the shoots of diploid donor...
Cel: Celem rozważań jest przedstawienie procesu budowania pozycji rynkowej i zdobywania przewagi konkurencyjnej na przykładzie działań Danone sp. z o.o. Podejście badawcze: Materiał badawczy stanowiły wtórne i pierwotne źródła informacji. Te drugie pozyskano drogą badania ankietowego, w którym uczestniczyło 150 respondentów. Główne wyniki badań: Do czynników decydujących o przewadze konkurencyjnej...
The European stone fruit yellows (ESFY) caused by ‘Candidatus Phytoplasma prunorum’ (‘Ca. P. prunorum’), is a devastating, quarantine phytoplasma disease. This agent leads to serious damage in apricot and Japanese plum orchards, including decline of infected trees. The consequences are considerable economic losses in production. European plum and cherry are less susceptible to ESFY, although the ‘Ca...
Prunus species plants can be infected by eight ‘Candidatus Phytoplasma’ (‘Ca. P.’) species classified to eight distinctive taxonomic groups: ‘Ca. P. prunorum’ (16SrX-B), ‘Ca. P. mali’ (16SrX-A), ‘Ca. P. pyri’ (16SrX-C), ‘Ca. P. asteris’ (16SrI), ‘Ca. P. aurantifolia’ (16SrII), ‘Ca. P. ziziphi’ (16SrV), ‘Ca. P. fraxini’ (16SrVII), ‘Ca. P. phoenicium’ (16SrIX) and two potentially new species: ‘Ca. P...
Jednym z ważnych gospodarczo patogenów orzecha włoskiego jest wirus liściozwoju czereśni (Cherry leaf roll virus, CLRV). Patogen jest sprawcą choroby objawiającej się nekrozą miejsca szczepienia podkładki z odmianą szlachetną oraz zamieraniem gałęzi i całych drzew. Próby liści zebrane z drzew różnych odmian i klonów orzecha włoskiego rosnących w kolekcji odmian Instytutu Sadownictwa i Kwiaciarstwa...
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