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W pracy przedstawiono trzy sposoby formułowania modeli fizycznych: deterministyczny, statystyczny i probabilistyczny. Pokazano na przykładzie modeli odkształceń gleb, że już w momencie formułowania definicji naprężenia i odkształcenia podejmuje się decyzję wyboru aparatu matematycznego.
A new mechanism of soil deformation has been proposed (motion of soil particles and aggregates into pores). The equation for the soil deformation as dependent on time and stress has been obtained for different soils and compared with the experimental data.
The problem of the influence of different parameters on the soil penetration resistance has been discussed. It has been stated that at least ten variables affect the measured values, and that makes the comparison of the results difficult. The influence of all parameters has been discussed.
Three-phase media are characterized by distinct solid grains, particles or fibres and a considerable porosity with rather weak bonding between solid elements, created usually by water end electrical phenomena in grain contacts. Therefore, they exhibit rather high volumetric strains in every deformation process. They are named granular or particulate materials sometimes. During compaction the number...
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