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In a collaboration, trust is of great importance for the substantial governance of the inter-organizational activities. In this paper, considering changes of collaboration situations, an on-going trust model is established for a better understanding of the dynamics of relationship. Determinants of the on-going trust condition are also gathered and structured in two clusters. Those are ‘initial trust...
E-Commerce is nothing new to our world. Today, progressively more consumers purchase foreign goods through online B2C website. Despite the sharp growth of oversea online shopping, there appears to be a lack of comprehensive research for its mechanism. The purpose of this study is to understand the efficacy of product reviews. We conducted a survey of 292 consumers in China who had at least one overseas...
To meet the rapidly expanding need for musculoskeletal (MSK) specialists [physiotherapists (PTs), physiatrists] in haemophilia care in China, a 4‐day Train the Trainer workshop was conducted in July/August 2009 in Beijing. A key focus was to train the participants to administer the Hemophilia Joint Health Score (HJHS) version 2.1 for effectively evaluating the MSK health of boys <18 years of age...
Partner selection is of great importance for the viability of innovation alliance. In this paper, based on the scenario that the emphasis of partner selection would vary according to different motivations, different clusters of motivations are worked out and also a criterion system is set up. Based on this, relationships between motivations and selection criteria are clearly identified, which aims...
In this paper, a reliable TDDB lifetime projection by modeling the gate leakage current degradation is proposed. The validity of model is demonstrated by the good agreements with the experimental results. The two-stage Ig degradation and voltage-dependent Weibull slope are explained through the associated trap generation during the TDDB stress. Based on this model., accurate TDDB lifetime prediction...
Hydrostatic stress of Cu damascene interconnects was calculated by using finite element method in the present work. The analytical work was performed to examine the distribution of hydrostatic stress and the effect of different line width in the Cu interconnects. Then a model of atomic diffusion was presented and used to calculate the size of stress-induced voiding according to result of hydrostatic...
Different from the MTTF/MTBF widely used to describe the reliability of electronic products, lifetime is used for the LED lamp. The lifetime is defined as a time when 50% of lamp's lumen output is less than 70% of initial value, either by lumen decay of LED light source or catastrophic failure of electronic component. In other words, the reliability of LED lamp consists of not only the MTTF/MTBF of...
A high performance 22/20nm CMOS bulk FinFET achieves the best in-class N/P Ion values of 1200/1100 μA/μm for Ioff=100nA/μm at 1V. Excellent device electrostatic control is demonstrated for gate length (Lgate) down to 20nm. Dual-Epitaxy and multiple stressors are essential to boost the device performance. Dual workfunction (WF) with an advanced High-K/Metal gate (HK/MG) stack is deployed in an integration-friendly...
Hydrostatic stress of Cu damascene interconnects were calculated by using commercial finite element software in the present work. The analytical work was performed to examine the distribution of hydrostatic stress and the effect of different low-k dielectrics and barrier materials in the Cu interconnects. The results indicate that the hydrostatic stress is strongly dependent upon different low-k dielectrics...
The measurement of plant root growth is important in gauging the effect of experimental changes (nutrients, illumination, orientation, etc) made to plants. The most commonly used software is a combination of the common optical flow measurement method of Horn and Shunk with a ruggedized backward forward block matching method. The best results for this method show a low reliability for the optic flow...
This paper proposes a maintenance strategy for electrical equipment in a chemical plant from the reliability perspective. Two types of the plant downtime cost are modeled. One is the planned downtime cost consisting of opportunity cost and scheduled maintenance cost. The other is the unplanned downtime cost consisting of opportunity cost, plant recovery operation cost, and damage of material loss...
As the technology node advances into the nanometer era, via-open defects are one of the dominant failures. To improve via yield and reliability, redundant-via insertion is a highly recommended technique proposed by foundries. Traditionally, double-via insertion is performed at the post-layout stage. The increasing design complexity, however, leaves very limited space for post-layout optimization....
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