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Cu/Ti metallic thin bilayer films, xCu/yTi/Si (x,y=10nm, 20nm, 30nm),were deposited by DC magnetron sputtering technique. XRD was used to examine the crystallization structures of Cu/Ti thin films. A four-point probe method was applied to measure the sheet resistance of Cu/Ti films. Sheet resistance changes obviously with the variation of Ti film thickness when Cu film thickness is smaller than 20nm...
Few-layer graphene exhibits low friction and wear rate with no requirements for additional lubricants. However, the longevity is limited more by wear than friction if load is small for rotating Micro-electromechanical Systems (MEMS). When a MEMS machine is in long time rotating at a high speed, single and bilayer graphene are not wear-resisting enough. Therefore, it requires multilayer graphene. In...
in this paper, zinc oxide (ZnO) nanowires are synthesized with the polyethylenemine (PEI) assisted hydrothermal method. The scanning electron microscopy (SEM), X-ray diffraction (XRD) equipment and fluorescence spectrometer are employed to characterize the size, morphology, crystalline quality and photoluminescence properties. By controlling the growth condition, the nanowire with different length...
In this paper, the influence of sputtering time of silver (Ag) particles and thermal treatment on the surface morphology of Ag particles on Zinc Oxide (ZnO) film has been studied. The size and density of Ag particles are measured using an atomic force microscopy (AFM) and a scanning electron microscope (SEM). The experimental results show that the size of Ag particles and the roughness (Ra) increases...
Copper/Titanium (Cu/Ti) metallic thin bilayer films, xCu/10nmTi/Si and xCu/30nmTi/Si (x=10nm, 20nm, 30nm, respectively), were deposited by DC magnetron sputtering technique. An atomic force microscopy (AFM) was used to measure the surface morphology. The height-height correlation function, described by the surface parameter of roughness exponent α, together with the evolutions of the familiar parameters...
A new type of voltage reference which can be controlled in the outer-chip by the external pins and can generate an arbitrary reference voltage was introduced in this paper. There is a resistor serial in the reference voltage circuit that can generate 4 different reference voltages by the internal control logic circuit to adapt to fit different situations demand. The core circuit employs the improved...
The critical dimensions of directional couplers include the waveguide separation at the coupling position, the coupling length, and the bending radius of the waveguides. This paper focuses on discussing the waveguide separation at the coupling position. Two directional couplers have been developed with different waveguide separation. The relationship between the waveguide separation and the performance...
An identical double micro-ring resonator is investigated using finite-difference time-domain algorithm of the full-wave Maxwell's equations (FullWAVE/FDTD). The exploration shows that at wavelength of 1.55 μm the resonance is only achieved when the ring radius is 1 μm, the gap between waveguides is 0.1 μm, the waveguide width is 0.2 μm, and the core-cladding refractive index difference is equal to...
The critical dimensions of directional couplers include the waveguide separation at the coupling position, the coupling length, and the bending radius of the waveguides. This paper focuses on discussing the waveguide separation at the coupling position. Two directional couplers have been developed with different waveguide separation. The relationship between the waveguide separation and the performance...
An identical double micro-ring resonator is investigated using finite-difference time-domain algorithm of the full-wave Maxwell's equations (FullWAVE/FDTD). The exploration shows that at wavelength of 1.55 μm the resonance is only achieved when the ring radius is 1 μm, the gap between waveguides is 0.1 μm, the waveguide width is 0.2 μm, and the core-cladding refractive index difference is equal to...
Multiple fault diagnostic strategy optimization problem arising in systems with redundancy is mainly considered. In systems with multiple faults and redundancy, the traditional fault diagnostic methods based on single fault assumption may have false and missed diagnosis. In order to conquer this problem, an optimization algorithm is presented. Firstly, the paper gives the formulation of the problem;...
A new approach to select an optimal set of test points is proposed. The described method uses fault-wise table and multi-objective genetic algorithm to find the optimal set of test points. First, the fault-wise table is constructed whose entries are measurements associated with faults and test points. The problem of optimal test points selection is transformed to the selection of the columns that...
With the increased recognition of importance of design for testability, there is an increasing trend toward the development of efficient test strategies for system maintenance. An important issue in practical situation is the imperfect nature of tests, i.e., the tests can have missed detections and false alarms. An error diagnosis may result in false removal and missed repair of the components, thus,...
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