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Signal software for high-speed railways is safetycritical, controlling communications between trains, tracks, stations, and signals. It is necessary to test railway signal software rigorously. However, ad-hoc approaches still dominate in practice. We proposed a hybrid approach that uses combinatorial testing (CT) and model-based testing (MBT). We applied this systematic approach to testing track circuit...
In this paper, the falsification of predefined requirements of a control system is formulated as an optimal control problem. We propose a framework that can be used to design input trajectories such that multiple requirements can be falsified by a single test trajectory. Furthermore, an algorithm based on gradient techniques is proposed for unknown nonlinear systems. A numerical example, treating...
A track circuit is a critical component of a modern railway system. The circuit is used to detect the absence of a train on rail tracks and produce corresponding control signals. A railway track has many block sections, each of which has a separate track circuit device. A track circuit receiver analyzes signals sent from a track circuit sender and produces a signal to control a relay. When the train...
Big data applications (e.g., Extract, Transform, and Load (ETL) applications) are designed to handle great volumes of data. However, processing such great volumes of data is time-consuming. There is a need to construct small yet effective test data sets during agile development of big data applications. In this paper, we apply a combinatorial test data generation approach to two real-world ETL applications...
This paper identifies three problems when testing software that uses Hadoop-based big data techniques. First, processing big data takes a long time. Second, big data is transferred and transformed among many services. Do we need to validate the data at every transition point? Third, how should we validate the transferred and transformed data? We are developing a novel big data test framework to address...
Owing to the advancing development of electrical technique in analytical laboratory, we already have capability to measure tiny capacitance, down to 100aF, in Nano-dimension, down to 20nm, of the real-world Nano-device using Nanoprobing in SEM or AFM instead of traditional Micro-probing in OM instrument become real of the claim. The mechanism, operation and application are described and discussed...
The petroleum products leakage from the storage tank bottom could not be discovered in time without store contents emptied out because of the bottom not being accessed easily and the amount of leakage in the beginning being too small to be detected by the ways now available such as interstitial monitoring, liquid sensing probes and cables, volumetric and mass measurement methods, statistical inventory...
A large-scale intelligent environmental test chamber is designed, that has adjustable effective test volume of 0–30m3, in which the overall test experiments for harmful volatile gases from all kinds of furniture products can be achieved, and the problem of condensation of the large-scale environmental test chamber is solved. The reservation for a number of adjustable features in the control system...
Mutation analysis is widely considered to be an exceptionally effective criterion for designing tests. It is also widely considered to be expensive in terms of the number of test requirements and in the amount of execution needed to create a good test suite. This paper posits that simply deleting statements, implemented with the statement deletion (SDL) mutation operators in Mothra, is enough to get...
Model-based testing creates tests from abstract models of the software. These models are often described as graphs, and test requirements are defined as sub paths in the graphs. As a step toward creating concrete tests, complete (test) paths that include the sub paths through the graph are generated. Each test path is then transformed into a test. If we can generate fewer and shorter test paths, the...
The paper is about the usage of violation of Grice's cooperative principle in college English listening comprehension teaching. Cooperative principle put forward by H.P.Grice is a theory about people's conversation. CP theory plays an important role in explaiming people's verbal communication. While in actual communication, people sometimes violate the CP theory literately. In order to grasp the real...
The application of nitrate is an accepted procedure to manage eutrophication municipal rivers by controlling the phosphorus release from sediments into overlying water and offering electron acceptor for microorganism metabolism. An in-situ-experiment was carried out to oxidize the sediment by direct calcium nitrate injection. Phosphorus release from sediment injected calcium nitrate was almost stopped...
This paper proposes modified Multi-Objective Particle Swarm Optimization (MPSO) algorithm based on Pareto solution to overcome the conventional MPSO algorithm can easily fall into its local maximum value and improve the diversity of solution set. This algorithm is composition of a modified Tabu Search with Multi-Objective Particle Swarm Optimization (TSMPSO). With this algorithm Establishing the memory...
With recent increased expectations for quality, and the growth of agile processes and test driven development, developers are expected to do more and more effective unit testing. Yet, our knowledge of when to use the various unit level test criteria is incomplete. The paper presents results from a comparison of four unit level software testing criteria. Mutation testing, prime path coverage, edge...
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