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A new fast infrared microspectrometer based on a MEMS tunable Fabry-Pérot filter (μFPF) is reported. In contrast to previous designs the acquisition time for a complete spectrum is decreased 50 times and the spectral resolution is improved 3 times. This is achieved by the use of higher interference orders and the combination with a room temperature operated PbSe photodetector. Such a system will be...
Plasmaspheric hiss emissions, which are typically observed inside the plasmasphere, are known to play an important role in controlling the overall structure and dynamics of the Earth's radiation belts through pitch angle scattering. Although the characteristics of hiss have been studied using previous satellite data, the statistical results need further improvement due to the limited frequency coverage...
We report the wave observations, associated plasma measurements, and linear theory testing of electromagnetic ion cyclotron (EMIC) waves observed by the Van Allen Probes on 28 April 2013. The waves are detected in their generation regions as three individual events in the two consecutive orbits of the Van Allen Probes-A, but the other spacecraft, B, does not detect any significant EMIC wave activity...
The energetic electron population measured by multiple low-altitude POES satellites is used to infer whistlermode wave amplitudes using a physics-based inversion technique. We validate this technique by quantitatively analyzing a conjunction event between the Van Allen Probes and POES, and find that the inferred hiss wave amplitudes from POES electron measurements agree remarkably well with directly...
Wave-particle interactions in the Earth's Van Allen radiation belts are known to be an efficient process of the exchange of energy between different particle populations, including the energetic radiation belt particles. The whistler mode waves, especially chorus, can control the radiation belt dynamics via linear or nonlinear interactions with both the energetic radiation belt electrons and lower...
Waves is the radio and plasma wave instrument onboard NASA's spacecraft JUNO. The instrument utilizes an electrically short dipole antenna for the measurement of electromagnetic field parameters. The instrument is devised for frequencies from 50 Hz up to 40 MHz. Waves antenna system properties are distorted because the highly conducting spacecraft body is in close vicinity of the antennas. In addition...
The latest developments in RF-MEMS technology have paved the way for achieving high performance systems. Integration of MEMS modules into a BiCMOS process using an embedded solution is appearing to be the most promising one to enable the realization of fully integrated smart systems. This work gives an overview on different RF-MEMS modules integrated to a 0.25µm SiGe BiCMOS process. Back-end-of-line...
A slot antenna for mounting on overhead power lines is presented. The antenna enables autonomous sensor systems to communicate in the 2.4 GHz band. Using two radiating slots the simulated antenna gain is 7.9 dBi. The usable bandwidth is more than 300 MHz. The general concept of the sensor system is outlined. It contains a DC-isolating bandpass filter with 1.5 dB insertion loss and more than 60 dB...
A tunable dual-band MEMS Fabry-Pérot filter for simultaneous use of the spectral ranges from 8 µm to 10.5 µm and from 4 µm to 5 µm is reported. A peak transmittance of at least 75 % and a FWHM of less than 200 nm were measured. The maximum control voltage is 41 V. Two movable reflector carriers compensate the influence of gravitational force on the central wavelength. The device can withstand mechanical...
This paper presents a novel post-process gap reduction technology of high aspect ratio microstructures. The gap reduction procedure uses the well known electrostatic deflection of a movable microstructure. In contrast to other solutions, micro welding is utilized to create the final, permanent locking. The fabrication technology, the functional principle of the gap reduction mechanism and the experimental...
A slot antenna for mounting on overhead power lines is presented. The antenna enables autonomous sensor systems to communicate in the 2.4 GHz band. Using two radiating slots the simulated antenna gain is 7.9 dBi. The usable bandwidth is more than 300 MHz. Experiments performed on a deactivated power line confirm that the conductors and the power poles do not influence the radiation characteristic...
A novel mm-wave MEMS single pole single throw (SPST) switch has been developed, which is driven by 5.0 V in 10.3 μs. The insertion loss and the isolation at 60 GHz were 1.2 dB and 18 dB, respectively. A two metal layer silicon interposer technology was also developed. We designed single pole double throw (SPDT) switch module, in which two SPST switch are accommodated on the silicon interposer chip...
The micro and nano system technologies as well as electronics are playing a key role in today's product development and industrial progress. They enable the integration of mechanical, electrical, optical, chemical, biological and other functions into a very small space with dimensions ranging from sub micrometers up to some millimeters. This paper presents different examples of MEMS sensors and systems...
Plug-in Electric Vehicles (PEVs) have received much interest in recent years, as concerns about environmental quality, energy security and economic development have risen. Diverse strategies are adopted today by the industry to overcome the new challenges in this emerging market ranging from battery ownership, to charging, to demand response and to billing. However, strategy selection is not well...
We demonstrate for the first time the embedded integration of a Radio Frequency Microelectromechanical Systems (RF-MEMS) capacitive switch for mm-wave integrated circuits in a BiCMOS Back-end-of-line (BEOL). The switch shows state-of-the-art performance parameters. The ??off?? to ??on?? capacitance ratio is 1:10 providing excellent isolation in the mm-wave frequency range. Insertion loss and isolation...
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