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This work describes a concept for and a realization of a large-volume (200 L) certified source (calibration drum) for calibration of gamma-spectrometry systems used for Assay of Radioactive Waste Drums. The design of the calibration drum is based on the idea of modeling a homogenous source by a large number of point sources. We deal with the problem of finding an optimal number of point sources and...
Modeling of gamma spectra is required in various fields. The growth of usage of spectrometric border monitoring methods to combat illicit trafficking of nuclear and other radioactive materials enhances the need for such techniques. With the development of the Gamma Spectrum Generator within the Nucleonica web-portal (www.nucleonica.net) a new ansatz is made, which allows authorized experts to perform...
Neutrino oscillation experiments have shown that neutrinos must have a finite rest mass, but are unable to put a number on how massive they are. The COBRA experiment makes use of the expected neutrinoless double beta decay (0υββ-decay) to directly determine the effective Majorana mass of the electron neutrino. This mass can be derived from a measurement of the half-life of the 0υββ-decay using Cadmium...
Cadmium Zinc Telluride (CZT) is one of the most exploited materials for x-ray and gamma ray radiation detection. Nevertheless CZT ingots are still affected by many defects, the most common features are Te inclusions, dislocations and grain boundaries. In this work the results of many investigation techniques are put together and compared in order to have a better understanding of the role of each...
ChromAIX is an ASIC for fast single photon-counting designed to study the feasibility of energy-resolved photon-counting human Spectral CT. It allows for reading out 4 × 16 pixels of a direct converting sensor made of Cd[Zn]Te with a pixel pitch of about 300μm. It supports K-edge imaging [3]. After thorough electrical testing reported in [6] characterization under g- and X-rays was done giving promising...
Direct conversion detectors are increasingly used in digital mammography. Investigation of new breast imaging techniques such as digital breast tomosynthesis that provide information in three dimensions has thus been made possible. Amorphous Selenium is currently the most common direct converting digital detector material The prospect of optimum energy weighting and photon counting to improve detector...
In this paper we discuss some challenges of nuclear well logging related to the lack of the gamma ray and neutron detection technologies capable of operating reliably in the down-hole hostile environment. Different nuclear well logging techniques are described, the parameters of nuclear detectors which would satisfy the requirements imposed by these techniques are considered, and the results of the...
This paper presents multi dimensional approaches for material identification applied on experimental X-ray measurements obtained with CdTe spectrometric detector. LETI has been developing a 16 channels fast read-out electronics capable to perform spectrometric measurements at count rates above 107 counts/s. The read-out electronics was coupled to CdTe linear array pixel detectors. A multidimensional...
We present in this paper the study ofspecial nuclear materials(SNM) detection method based on Pair production and Compton scattering Atomic Number Identification (PCANI) technique. PCANI, a technique that uses the information of annihilation and Compton scattered photons from target is applied at first to achieve the atomic number(Z) identification. Because of the Z2 and Z1 relationship of pair production...
Photon counting detectors with electronic spectrum splitting, such as cadmium telluride (CdTe) and cadmium zinc telluride (CZT) detectors have been widely used in x-ray imaging. We research the feasibility of material discrimination using dual energy imaging with CZT photon counting detector. The initial x-ray spectrum is from the X-ray tube with a voltage of 160 kVp, and the x-ray spectrum is calculated...
This paper reports on a SOI detector with drift field induced by the flow of majority carriers. It is proposed as an alternative method of detector biasing compared to standard depletion. N-drift rings in n-substrate are used at the front side of the detector to provide charge collecting field in depth as well as to improve the lateral charge collection. The concept was verified on a 2.5 ×2.5mm2 large...
The calorimeter of KLOE at INFN-LNF is a high-sampling, lead/scintillating-fiber calorimeter primarily designed to detect photons with very high efficiency. During a KLOE study of kaon interactions in the apparatus walls, hints of a high efficiency for low energy neutrons (<; 20MeV) were observed and confirmed by the experiment simulation. A more systematic study, involving exposing the prototype...
The detection of special nuclear material (SNM) is a very difficult problem: typically, the signals are weak thus difficult to distinguish from the background and in many practical applications additional shielding can be expected. In order to detect SNM more accurately, new methods to isolate the source signal are needed. Using cross-correlation functions it may be possible to identify the time-correlated...
Spectroscopic images were obtained using a system combining a tunable continuous-wave terahertz laser with an InP-based Schottky barrier diode detector integrating a broadband log-periodic antenna. The distribution of polymorphic forms in pharmaceutical tablets was observed in obtained at images over 1 THz.
This paper presents a unique multidimensional image processing approach for autonomous detection of anomalous materials in unknown natural clutter scenarios. Scene anomaly detection has a wide range of use in remote sensing applications requiring no specific material signatures. The approach uses a repeated multisampling scheme to characterize the unknown clutter background and the most popular anomaly...
This paper discusses about the study of open-package alarm technology on management system of the priority materials in storage, it is comprised of two major parts, open-package alarm detector and open-package alarm extension. This paper tells about the construction of the open-package alarm detector embedded system, its satisfactory performance through practical work, and its bright future for application.
Automatic detection of sub-pixel materials presents a challenging problem in hyperspectral signal processing. While a number of different approaches have been proposed in the literature, few of these can be considered fully self-contained. In most cases, research has focused on only one area of sub-pixel detection such as endmember extraction, parameter estimation or detector architecture. This paper...
Image segmentation is one of the most important and difficult tasks in digital image processing. It represents a key stage of automated image analysis and interpretation. Segmentation algorithms for gray-scale images utilize basic properties of intensity values such as discontinuity and similarity. However, it is possible to enhance edge-detection capability by means of using spectral information...
In this paper, we present designing, fabrication and thermal simulation of smart 1024-element (32 × 32) monolithic pyroelectric infrared image sensors. A sol-gel deposited PZT(001) thin film was used as a pyroelectric material. We tailored the geometries and dimensions of devices in designing smart image sensors. The influence of thermal isolator has shown to significantly reduce the heat loss to...
The detection of radioactive contraband is a critical problem is maintaining national security for any country. Photon emissions from threat materials challenge both detection and measurement technologies especially when concealed by various types of shielding complicating the transport physics significantly. This problem becomes especially important when ships are intercepted by U.S. Coast Guard...
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