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In this paper, Temple Tower Kalasam shaped antenna fed by coplanar waveguide (CPW) with vertical slot is presented for dual band applications. The vertical slot is placed on the ground plane to achieve dual band operating frequencies. The antenna designed on a FR4 dielectric substrate with a permittivity of 4.4 and size of 14 × 18 × 1.6 mm3 to generate dual resonant mode, covering 4.9 GHz at C band...
In order to support orders of traffic explosion with sustainable energy consumption, besides conventional Spectrum Efficiency (SE), Energy Efficiency (EE) is proposed as another critical metric for the next generation mobile networks (5G). This paper proposes to evaluate the potential EE gain of 5G on the basis of EARTH Energy Efficiency Evaluation Framework (E3F). As E3F indicated, the large-scale...
In this paper, a single-fed low-cost wideband and high-gain slotted cavity antenna based on substrate integrated waveguide (SIW) technology using high-order cavity modes is demonstrated. High-order resonant modes (TE130, TE310, TE330) inside the cavity are simply excited by a coaxial probe which is located at the centre of the antenna. Energy is coupled out of the cavity by a 3 × 3 slot array etched...
A tunable wideband absorber based on periodic resistive patterned graphene operating in microwave regime is presented in this paper. The proposed absorber not only has wide absorption band but also can be tuned by changing the conductivity of graphene through external electric bias. At chemical potential of 0.3 eV, 90% absorbance can be achieved from 25.4 GHz to 93.9 GHz with 115% fractional bandwidth...
In this paper a measurement campaign related to the 60 GHz small-cell backhaul channel in a residential area is described, and evaluations on its time dispersion and channel gain (normalized received power) are presented. They reveal that the channel is constituted by the direct path, the ground reflection and a few additional reflections with less power. Hence, in the first approximation, its behavior...
Based on the idea of a single-layer multiresonance structure for a linearly polarized reflectarray, a novel slotted hollow ring element is presented for Ku-band high-efficiency circularly polarized reflectarrays. The appropriate geometry parameters are determined by studying the effects of incident angle on the element reflection coefficient. Compared to the conventional microstrip ring element, it...
An improved phase frequency detector (PFD) and a novel charge pump (CP) for phase locked loop (PLL) applications are presented. The mechanisms for widening the phase error detection range and eliminating the dead zone are applied in the proposed PFD. To maintain a fast locked performance and a stable loop bandwidth for multi-standard frequency synthesizer applications, a programmable structure and...
A low-profile antenna with end-fire radiation and vertical polarization is presented in this paper. It employs a top-open dielectric-filled waveguide to propagate the electromagnetic waves, which is radiated by gradually deducing the height of the waveguide. The proposed antenna has a low profile of 0.1λL (λL is the wavelength at the lowest operating frequency), and is embedded in a large ground plane...
In this paper, we present a planar unidirectional printed Dual-Band antenna for wireless communications. The first band covers global system for mobile communication (GSM), universal mobile telecommunication system (UMTS), wirless local area network (WLAN) and long term evaluation (LTE), while the second one covers the Worldwide Interoperability for Microwave Access (Wi-MAX) band. The antenna is composed...
This paper presents the performance evaluation of a circularly polarized wearable antenna on flexible Ethylene Propylene Diene Monomer (EPDM) foam substrate. EPDM is a rubber based material with high flexibility, good shock resistance and easy attachment to any curved surface. The designed antenna operates for Industrial, Scientific and Medical (ISM) band and Wireless Body Area Network (WBAN) applications...
In this paper opportunities for wireless devices to harvest out-of-band RF energy are explored. Emerging multi-standard wireless communications devices such as mobile handsets currently include multiple antennas and multiple transceiver systems. Typical device usage leverages a subset of available antenna and transceiver systems at any given time. Additionally, receiver chains in use typically filter...
A dual band CPW-fed Koch fractal antenna, suitable for WLAN and WiMAX operations, is proposed in this paper. The antenna has been designed by increasing the perimeters of right angled isosceles triangular shape patch by using self-similarity property. The proposed antenna is fed by a 50Ω Microstrip line and fabricated on a low-cost FR4 substrate having dimensions 40 (L) × 40 (W) × 1.59(H) mm3. The...
In this paper, we investigate a preference-aware multicast mechanism in active array aided LTE (Long Term Evolution) networks. An active antenna system can direct vertical beams in different horizontal and vertical directions, so the amount of energy delivered is more concentrated on the target users. Employing the active array, each multicast group is provided with an individual beam with specific...
Recently, several MIMO transmission method is investigated for increasing the capacity or spectral efficiency. To well utilize the MIMO transmission approach, channel state information is required in transmission side. So, channel sounding in receiver side also becomes important for feedback the low-error channel state information to the transmitter. Thus, we investigate the detail procedure and performance...
New type of dielectric resonator antennas (DRAs) with axial symmetry are proposed for frequencies around 5.8 GHz. Each element uses a high permittivity cylindrical resonator and a low permittivity resonator of a truncated cone shape. Two types of microstrip-fed DRAs were investigated. By coupling the resonance modes, the first type and the second type DRA exhibit fractional impedance bandwidth of...
This paper presents an approach to allocate power for multiple hopping signals, received from multiple uplink antennas for a shared power transponder. First, the end-to-end carrier-to-noise density ratio (CNRo) for a signal that hops within the tran-sponder bandwidth is derived. This expression includes power-sharing factor, noise power robbing effects due to transponder noise, and intermodulation...
Due to the centralized architecture of current cellular networks, the wireless link capacity as well as the bandwidth of the radio access and backhaul networks cannot practically cope with the exponential growth of mobile traffic. In order to meet this challenge, researches on the fifth generation (5G) cellular systems are highly anticipated in the next decade. Advanced technologies such as massive...
Reconfigurable antennas provide solution where multiple types of wireless network are used for different application. The basic advantage of reconfigurable antennas is that they can alter the antenna parameter based on required field of operation. A common technique to design a reconfigurable antenna includes a microstrip patch antenna which is integrated with switching circuit. Here, a new design...
A multilayer bidirectional circularly polarized antenna for underground communications is presented in this letter. The antenna consists of two slot-coupled back-to-back arranged rotated patches and a T-type strip feed-line. The H-shaped aperture is adopted to provide a favorable axial-ratio (AR) bandwidth. Identical left-hand circular polarization in the front and back of the radiating antenna is...
This paper presents the design of a circularly polarized microstrip antenna for global positioning system (GPS). This single-feed and single-layer antenna works at the L1 (1559–1615MHZ) frequency band for civil use of GPS. There are two pairs of symmetric rectangular slots and circular slots in the diagonal directions respectively. The right-handed circular polarization (RHCP) is obtained by using...
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