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Fuel oil was prepared from waste cooking oil by catalytic cracking and catalytic reforming processes. The preparation of reforming catalyst and the process of catalytic reforming have been investigated. The conditions of the preparation of reforming catalyst were as follow: ZSM-5/H38 zeolite was using as the catalytic carrier, calcination temperature was 550°C and lanthanum oxide content was 6%. Reforming...
Interchangeabilities of biogas (BG) and liquefied petroleum gas (LPG) mixed gases according to American Gas Association (AGA) Bulletin 36 and Weaver indices were investigated. BG-LPG mixed fuels were defined so as to have a Wobbe index (WI) nearly equivalent to those of natural gas (NG). The qualities of BG and LPG used are considered by varying the CH4 and C3H8 percentage in the BG and LPG composition,...
The paper describes the hardware and software implementation of combustible gas detection and alarm equiped STC12C5410AD microcontroller and catalytic combustion sensor. The select catalytic combustion sensor and design of high-precision differential amplifier circuit can meet the requirements of industrial and mining for combustible gas detection at room temperature. The measurement accuracy can...
Optimum condition of gasification process is the key to biomass utilization and synthetic gas co-firing with coal in boiler. Based on an equilibrium RGibbs reactor model, the performances of biomass gasification, such as exergy efficiency and low heating value of synthetic gas, were evaluated under the conditions of biomass moisture content changing from 10% to 40% in weight and mass flow ratio of...
Controllers which are designed through traditional methods do not have proper performance due to parameters alternation, un-modeled dynamics, modeling error, unknown process and non-linearity of the process which is approximated linear and in some cases result in instability of the system. Hence in most modern controllers, robustness is major design feature. In this article a LQG controller for the...
It has been widely used to predict the spontaneous combustion in coalmines and it helps to improve the accuracy of prediction greatly because of their special characters such as unicity, regularity and sensibility. The indicator gases predicting coal spontaneous combustion are determined based on the law of gas released from oxidizing coal with temperature, and 4 judgment criteria are put forward...
A quasi-dimensional spark ignition (SI) engine cycle model is used to predict the combustion and exhaust emissions of a gas engine driven generator for the cases of using biogas and liquefied petroleum gas (LPG)-biogas blends. Two different thermodynamic regions consisting of unburned gases and burned gases that are separated by the flame front are considered. Liquefied petroleum gas (0%, 5% and 15%)...
In order to study the mechanism of low NOX emissions and combustion characteristics in Stagnation Point Reverse Flow (SPRF) combustors, Computational Fluid Dynamics (CFD) method was employed to simulate the combustion process in a SPRF combustor. The distribution and variation of the major species, flow characteristics, pollutant emissions (CO and NO) were presented and discussed. Results showed that...
In this paper we consider an oxy-coal thermoelectric plant fed by a coal-water mixture (slurry) and oxygen (instead of air). The use of pure oxygen makes it easier to capture CO2. A distinctive feature of such a plant is that the combustion and flue gases system operates at high pressure (about 10 bar). We develope a model based on first principles equations in order to setup an ad-hoc simulator for...
In order to reduce the pollution and toxicity of current coal fire fighting materials used in underground mines, this paper proposes that the functional ionic liquid, a kind of green material, may be utilized to suppress the spontaneous fire based on coal's chemistry structures. According to the Fourier Transform Infrared (FTIR) spectroscopy experiment in low-temperature oxidation of coal, we found...
In order to predict the spontaneous combustion in Donghuantuo coal mine exactly, the concentration of CO, C2H4 and C2H6 changed disciplinarily with the temperature by the analysis of oxygenation under low temperature in experiment were described. According to the rules of selecting the identification gases, the gases and the data of oxygenation under low temperature were analyzed. The results show...
The ignition characteristics of pulverized coal group were investigated with homogeneous ignition model considering the ignition limit. The homogeneous ignition temperature (HIT) of group was found to decrease with increasing pulverized coal size, and this influence of coal size weakened obviously with the increasing coal concentration in pulverized coal group. The higher coal concentration in group...
The effects of desulfurizer CaO with a diameter of 415 ??m on N2O reduction with biomass gasification gas reburning at a reactor temperature of 850??C was researched on a small-scale fluidized bed in this paper, and the main mechanisms of the effects caused by the desulfurizer CaO were analyzed. The results of the experiment showed that the N2O decomposition rate was improved by ejecting biomass gasification...
Limestone is usually be used as a sorbent for capture of sulphur dioxide, but, almost half of CaO will not reacted with SO2 in FBC. So, when the fly ash that contains CaO cools to bellow the calcination temperature, carbonation of CaO in fly ash that deposited on cool surfaces may occur. In this study, CaO was carbonated in a TGA under conditions expected in FBC. The temperature range investigated...
In this paper, theoretical analysis and practical of coal production were combined to study the mechanism of large gas explosion accident at coal face. The author uses coal spontaneous combustion theory, as well as rock pressure, gas flow field and gas explosion theory to study the cause of the large gas explosion with high incidence at coal face. Consequently, the cause of the accident is: when the...
The ability to identify, via remote sensing, the identity of materials prior to self-ignition is important for fire safety. We have developed a system to monitor, in real time, the thermal and chemical properties of specific materials under well controlled heating conditions. Our goal is to develop a library of the pre-combustion ??signature?? of materials commonly present in buildings. These signatures...
The pyrolysis process of typical Chinese waste-tire powder of 74-250 ??m was experimentally studied by TG/DTG at different heating rates and was compared with that of coal Shenhua. The results showed that the main weight-loss process can be divided into three phases during the pyrolysis, i.e., the thermal decomposition of the oil-mixture, moisture, plasticizers and other additives, the decomposition...
Summary form only given. A subject of consideration is the dynamic of filamentary pulse discharge generated along contact zone of two co-flown gases. Experimental facility consists of blow-down wind tunnel PWT-50, system of the high-voltage pulse-repetitive feeding, and diagnostic equipment (schlieren device; pressure, voltage, current, radiation sensors; spectroscopic system; etc.) Typical parameters:...
This work has the following Contribution: the introduction of an innovation in the efficient cooker-oven integrated unit -UICHE: unidad integrada cocina-horno eficiente- in order to fulfil another function: water heating so as to continue taking profit of its efficient thermal-energetic behaviour. Its proposal is: ldquoThe design, development, transference and monitoring of this simple alternative...
A real-time electronic nose system is designed to analyze methane (CH4), hydrogen (H2) and their mixtures, the main combustible gases in the environment. The system is based on a single chip for acquiring measurement data from a gas sensor array. Four Fe2O3 gas sensors with little humidity effect are employed in the gas sensor array. A principal component regression (PCR) method is applied to process...
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