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We have previously shown that the lamprey's central pattern generator (CPG) for locomotion can be manipulated by applying electrical stimuli to the spinal cord at precise phases within the CPG cycle. Here we demonstrate how these so-called phase dependent responses (PDR) can be used to repeatably and reliably manipulate individual parameters of locomotion in the lamprey. In particular, we show that:...
This study presents the development of a myoelectric decoding algorithm capable of continuous online decoding of finger movements with the intended eventual application for use in prostheses for transradial amputees. The effectiveness of the algorithm was evaluated through controlling a multi-fingered hand in a virtual environment. Two intact limbed adult subjects were able to use myoelectric signals...
Prosthetic hip joint dislocation phenomenon is generated by the hip joint simulator and the effect of the femoral head diameter is studied under the same condition which is similar to the condition in daily activities. Impedance control is applied to control the hip joint motion and the joint contact force simultaneously in order to take into account the constraint caused by surrounding tendons, muscles,...
Pattern recognition myoelectric control in combination with targeted muscle reinnervation (TMR) may provide better real-time control of upper limb prostheses. Current pattern recognition algorithms can classify movements with an off-line accuracy of ~95%. When amputees use these systems to control prostheses, motion misclassifications may hinder their performance. This study investigated the use of...
Articular cartilage is an important load bearing surface in joints. Prone to damage and with limited self-repair ability, it is of interest to tissue engineers. Tissue implant design requires full mechanical characterisation of healthy native tissue. A layered organisation of reinforcing collagen fibrils exists in healthy articular cartilage and is believed to be important for correct tissue function...
The Argustrade II 60 channel epiretinal prosthesis has been developed in order to provide partial restoration of vision to subjects blinded from outer retinal degenerative disease. To date the device has been implanted in 21 subjects as part of a feasibility study. In 6 month post-implantation door finding and line tracking orientation and mobility testing, subjects have shown improvements of 86%...
Invasive BCI studies have classically relied on actual or imagined movements to train their neural decoding algorithms. In this study, non-human primates were required to perform a 2D BCI task using epidural microECoG recordings. The decoding weights and cortical locations of the electrodes used for control were randomly chosen and fixed for a series of daily recording sessions for five days. Over...
The revision of total hip arthroplasty (THA) is becoming an increasingly common procedure around the world. The extended trochanteric osteotomy (ETO) has proved to be an effective way in revision of THA. Four generations of trochanteric osteotomy fixation systems have been developed, all of which has its own clinical application. However, few studies on the biomechanical stability of the above fixation...
In spite of advancement in biomaterials and biomechanics, in development of new osteo-integrative materials and coatings, and in macro- micro- component design, a non negligible fraction of the implanted prosthesis fails before the expected lifetime. A prospective observational clinical study has been conducted to define and apply a set of experimental techniques to in-deep assess the failure of joint...
Nowadays, most of the commercial upper-limb externally powered prosthetic devices are controlled by electromyography (EMG) signal. It is detected from the remaining muscles of amputated arms to control the prostheses. However, there are some inherent limitations of EMG control, such as muscle cross talk. On the other hand, it has been demonstrated that the muscle thickness change collected by ultrasound...
Retinal prosthesis recipients may still have degraded vision, such that additional information about their surroundings may help them perform certain tasks. We evaluate a system that provides cues that point towards important objects. Using a simulated vision grid of 6times10 pixels, subjects perform object location and mobility tasks with and without the help of cues. The velocity of head movement...
A growing number of brain monitoring tools for medical and biomedical applications such as surgery have been developed. Although many assistive technologies (e.g., brain computer interface (BCI) systems) aiming to restore cognitive-motor deficits are under development, no functional neural indicator or brain biomarker able to track the cortical dynamics of the brain when interacting with new tools...
Vascular endothelial cell migration, which plays an important role in vascular remodeling, is known to be regulated by hemodynamic forces in the blood vessels. When shear stress is applied on mouse microvessel endothelial cells (bEnd.3) in vitro, cells exhibit upstream migration behavior with respect to the direction of the flow. To determine how shear stress magnitude influences mechanotaxis of the...
The capacity to decode kinematics of intended movement from neural activity is necessary for the development of neuromotor prostheses such as smart artificial arms. Thus far, most of the progress in the development of neuromotor prostheses has been achieved by decoding kinematics of the hand from intracranial neural activity. The comparatively low signal-to-noise ratio and spatial resolution of neural...
We developed a novel mathematical model to study the mechanical properties of endovascular stents in their expanded state. The model is based on the one-dimensional theory of slender curved rods. Stent struts are modeled as linearly elastic curved rods that satisfy the kinematic and dynamic contact conditions at the vertices where the struts meet. A Finite Element Method for a numerical computation...
Total knee arthroplasty (TKA) may affect the muscles operating at the flexion/extension (FE) or internal /external rotation (IE) axes. This study tested the hypothesis that a modern posterior stabilizing TKA will change the mechanical balance of the knee joint by altering the moment arms of muscles acting about two separate axes of rotation. Moment arms were determined for the normal knee, the knee...
In this study we estimated time-varying cortical connectivity patterns from a group of spinal cord injured (SCI) patients during the attempt to move a paralyzed limb. These data were compared with the time-varying connectivity patterns estimated in a control group during the real execution of the movement by using time-varying partial directed coherence. Connectivity was estimated from high resolution...
Fixation plate for fracture is one of the most important devices for fractures of the human bone. In general, the fixed plate for medial care is selected from lineup of the maker. Therefore, the surgery is adapted to each plate due to limitation of the lineup. However, the surgery should be naturally adapted to each patient. To overcome this problem, this paper set the goal to develop a system which...
It is becoming a more and more popular method to exam and treat diseases by the blood involvement therapy. Because of the good curative effect, small wound, and quick recovery, the method has become the worldwide research highlight. How to supply the checking device's power is the key problem among all of the issues. At present, this kind of instruments is mainly energized by the method of the blood...
Purpose: proximal femur fractures occur mainly in old and very old people with osteoporotic bone. The cut out of the femur neck and head component is therefore one of the major complications after osteosynthesis of these fractures. The Hypothesis of this study was that the cross section of the implant is relevant to minimise the cut out risk of the device. Material and methods: the following fixation...
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