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Mobility management solutions designed for heterogeneous networks can provide seamless handover and service continuity. Thus, ongoing TCP sessions can remain active, even when mobile node handovers from one access network to another. In such seamless handover, packet loss can be avoided but TCP still undergoes through several performances degradation issues due to change of network characteristics...
Several MAC protocols using directional antennas have been proposed to improve capacity in MANET by improving spatial reuse and communication throughput. Although transmissions using the directional MAC protocol are expected to provide significant improvements, they cause problems such as the deafness and fairness problems. High-mobility VANET has a particular problem using the DMAC protocol because...
Mobile ad hoc networks are a wireless network in which each node is vested with the responsibility to act as a router. The individual nodes are constrained by the resources such as battery power. To achieve maximum throughput with the available resources the nodes might behave selfishly. This could lead to severe performance degradation in network throughput, packet delivery ratio, packet loss increment,...
In mobile wireless ad-hoc networks, data messages are forwarded by each intermediate node through a wireless communication link which is less reliable than a wired communication link. For achieving reliable data message transmissions, two main methods have been proposed; BEC (Backward Error Correction) with conditional retransmissions of data messages and FEC (Forward Error Correction) with unconditional...
Congestion with limited resources occurs in heterogeneous mobile ad hoc networks (MANETs). Packet transmissions suffer from interference and fading because of the shared wireless channel and dynamic topology. In heterogeneous ad hoc networks, throughput via a given route depends upon the minimum data rate of its entire links. In a route of links with various data rates, there is a chance of congestion...
Ad hoc On-demand Distance Vector routing (AODV) is a widely adopted network routing protocol for Mobile Ad hoc Network (MANET). The design of AODV, however, paid little attention to security considerations, hence resulting in the vulnerability of such MANET to the black hole attack. On the basis of AODV, this paper proposes and implements AODV suffering black hole attack - BAODV (Bad Ad Hoc On-demand...
This paper analyzes the mobile model and communication mode of the hierarchical wireless networks, and proposes a new hybrid routing protocol(HRP) for the heterogeneous wireless networks. The routing protocol divides the network coverage area into many units, and selects the nodes which have high energy, long transmission radius and strong reliability as the bone nodes. This paper also presents the...
Two trends are reshaping wireless personal area networks (WPANs) and wireless local area networks (WLANs). The first is the convergence of WPAN and WLAN functionality in mobile platforms; a single 802.11 radio will increasingly be used for both functions. The second is the availability of new unlicensed spectrum in the 60 GHz band and 600 MHz TV Whitespace band as well as new technology enhancing...
In this paper, the performance of traffic based adaptive (TBA) and size based adaptive (SBA) backoff algorithms for IEEE 802.11 DCF has been evaluated. TBA backoff algorithm utilizes contention status in the channel for adjusting the backoff algorithm but SBA backoff algorithm assigns different priority levels based on packet size to traffic loads which is involved with best effort and real time traffic...
Efforts to increase the energy efficiency of information and communication systems in general and cellular mobile radio networks in particular has recently gained momentum. Besides positive environmental effects, lowering the energy consumption of mobile radio systems appears beneficial from an economical perspective. In this regard, the deployment of small, low power base stations, alongside conventional...
For the limited network resource, the performance of Mobile Ad Hoc Network is influenced seriously by the overloaded data flows, a novel distributed end-to-end admission control mechanism based on bandwidth estimation is proposed in this paper. Considering channel utilization, frames collision and backoff procedures in network, the available bandwidth is estimated, and then the decision of whether...
In this paper, we propose a distributed contention resolution algorithm for multi-packet reception slotted ALOHA systems, which is based on backlog estimation. In the algorithm, a base station broadcasts a binary-valued collision indicator and the identifications of the packets successfully received, when some of packets simultaneously transmitted collide. Then, mobile terminals (MTs) estimate the...
In this paper, we propose a novel medium access control (MAC) protocol called flow-driven MAC (FD-MAC) for mobile ad hoc networks (MANETs). FD-MAC is a slotted MAC protocol that combines random access and reservation-based access, and introduces the concept of "data flow" and a flow-driven mechanism for resource reservation. For short-duration data flows, it employs a random access protocol,...
This paper presents a new adaptive and dynamic routing algorithm called AAODV for mobile ad hoc networks inspired by Ant Colony Optimization algorithms. This algorithm is proposed by maintaining the nature of the Ad hoc On-demand Distance Vector (AODV) routing through the use of Ant Colony Optimization. AAODV maintains the on-demand nature of AODV but works in an adaptive manner. It does not send...
With continuously development of the ad hoc network technology, integrating with other networks becomes one of the trends. Due to the involvement of other networks, routing strategy needs to change with the development. To considerate the key factors whose influence are serious comprehensively is needed. For those reasons, this paper proposes a novel concept of the optimal routing function, which...
Studying the vehicular traffic profiles on a motorway gives us a unique insight into the dynamics of drivers' behaviour. This behavioural study provides us with an important utility to develop applications and deploy infrastructure according to the need. Consequently, it enables us to design and develop accurate motorway vehicular simulators and robust medium access control (MAC) protocols that can...
This paper proposes a RSU assisted multi-channel coordination MAC (RAMC) protocol that fully utilizes all DSRC channels to provide simultaneous safety and non-safety communications. Within the radio range of a roadside unit (RSU), vehicles are free to tune to any service channels. The RSU monitors all the safety messages being transmitted in both the control and service channels. Periodically, the...
In this paper, we report on a mobile broadband wireless access (MBWA) system field trial with fast low-latency access with seamless handoff orthogonal frequency division multiplexing (FLASH-OFDM), which was carried out at Sendai city in Japan. This paper discusses the feasibility of uplink transmission with the maximum modulation level of 64 QAM, using the measured uplink throughput performances when...
CDMA is most widely used standard for multiuser system in wireless ad hoc network. CDMA standards presents set of protocols for power control, BER control and multiuser detection system in ad hoc network. Therefore behevior of MANET depends upon the modeling of CDMA based MAC layer, which also attributes to the performance of the network. In this paper we present a means of improving the performance...
The frame structure design is more challenging in the new mobile multi-hop relay based (MMR) network architecture, as numerous dimensions of design constraints and challenges have been introduced. Tao et al. propose a simple yet flexible multi-zone framework based upon the current 802.16e OFDMA frame structure design, which enables multi-hop operation while still maintaining the backward compatibility...
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