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LTE-WLAN Aggregation (LWA) at Radio Access Network (RAN) level offers better performance compared to other WLAN inter-working and offloading mechanisms due to its tighter integration. In rel.~13, 3GPP standardized an LWA architecture which works at the Packet Data Convergence Protocol (PDCP) layer of LTE eNodeB and provides packet-level steering. But this architecture provides sub-optimal...
To achieve ever increasing demand for higher user throughput, 3rd Generation Partnership Project (3GPP) have introduced Carrier Aggregation (CA) feature in the Long-Term Evolution — Advanced (LTE-A) standard. Wherein, the CA feature widens the transmission bandwidth by aggregating multiple Component Carriers (CCs) to meet the demand for higher data rate. To the best of our knowledge, till now available...
In Long Term Evolution (LTE) Networks, several call admission control mechanisms were proposed. They take into account some network constraints such as service diversity and availability of radio resources. However, the shortcomings of the existing mechanisms led us to propose a new approach called Efficient Bandwidth Call Admission Control (EB_CAC). Our proposition considers the quality of service...
This paper aims at increasing our understanding of the behaviour of some of the major TCP variants in LTE networks. A simulation study on the behaviour of seven TCP variants is performed. The evolution of the throughput, congestion window and queuing delay are studied for four scenarios with different network loads and flow types. Our measurements show that, in average radio conditions, most variants...
Due to the scarcity of the licensed spectrum, Licensed-Assisted Access Long-Term Evolution (LAA- LTE) network can be deployed in unlicensed spectrum, which is currently occupied by different Wi-Fi systems. It is a very challenging problem to ensure fair coexistence between LAA-LTE and Wi-Fi networks, in terms of spectrum sharing and traffic management. To solve this problem, a Fair Downlink Traffic...
In this paper we address the challenge of multiuser scheduling in the downlink of Long Term Evolution (LTE) by bringing innovation in the concept of proportional fairness. We plug geometric average into the selection criterion of User Equipments (UEs) as opposed to widely used arithmetic average. We prove that the geometric average throughput converges to the solution of an ordinary differential equation,...
The main goal of this work is to use the Cuckoo Search (CS) algorithm to optimize Fractional Frequency Reuse (FFR) of cellular network systems. FFR is an interference management technique well suited to OFDMA based cellular network systems, such as Long Term Evolution system (LTE). This paper proposes a mechanism that selects the optimal value of inner cell region radius in strict FFR that maximize...
In this paper, we investigate the influence of intra-and inter-cell mobility of users on performance of 4G/5G cellular networks, such as LTE and LTE-A. To this end, we develop a multi-class PS queue model that captures mobility of users between zones of a cell and between cells, through a simple mobility model, that is decoupled from the cell model itself, enabling to directly apply the approach to...
In order to offload base station (BS) traffic and to enhance efficiency of spectrum, operators can activate many Device-to-Device (D2D) pairs or links in LTE networks. This increases the overall spectral efficiency because the same Resource Blocks (RBs) are used across cellular UEs (CUEs) (i.e., all UEs connected to BS for both C-Plane and D-plane communication) and D2D links (i.e., where the UEs...
NS-3 has evolved into a very popular simulator platform for networking research studies. As energy consumed by LTE user equipment (UE) is of keen interest to researchers working in wireless networks, they often analyze the energy consumed by a UE when running network simulations. Thus, there is a stringent need for the underlying simulator to have an energy consumption model, but NS-3 currently does...
System latency is one key metric that guides LTE design. Shortening TTI by reducing subframe length along with backward compatibility design can bring significant latency gains for legacy LTE systems. In general, it is believed that the shorter TTI is, the more gain can be achieved. However, due to the hardware limitation as well as the implementation complexity, it is not easy for ultra-short TTI...
The smart grid is a modern electricity grid that uses wireless technologies to control and supervise the substation and the electricity generation and consumption sides. Several wireless technologies can be used for smart grid communication such as Long-Term evolution (LTE) and Worldwide Interoperability for Microwave Access (WiMAX). However, LTE is the most compatible network for the smart grid because...
It is predicted that mobile data traffic will grow quickly. Hence, the network should be developed to fulfill the huge data demand. To boost network capacity, cellular providers have been emptying the traffic of macrocell to femtocells in the licensed band and to Wifi hotspots which designed by themselves in the license-exempt bands. However, this lead to high interference between macrocll and femtocells,...
The growing variety and consumption of the mobile services throughout the Long Term Evolution (LTE) mobile networks lead to various challenging issues in radio resource scheduling. One of the main challenges in LTE resource management is how to allocate the scare available bandwidth, especially in overload states of the network, to the services which have different characteristics and quality requirements...
The importance of small cells deployments in cellular systems are becoming more apparent days after days since the benefits in terms of number of users that can be supported, the offered bandwidth and power consumption are obviously enormous as the wireless networks continue to get more congested. In this paper, a number of well-known scheduling schemes namely, Round Robin (RR), Proportional Fairness...
High downlink and uplink speeds are achievable with the aid of LTE. Providing this technology in real life requires scheduling algorithms that will effect the concepts such as throughput and fairness. In this paper some new averaging methods for proportional fair algorithm are proposed. Simulation results show that arithmetic mean method can increase spectral efficiency and fairness performance of...
The LTE network is usually deployed with adjacent cells using the same frequency band, which significantly improves the frequency utilization efficiency. However, the cell-edge users may suffer throughput loss due to severe inter-cell interference (ICI). With the rapid grow of user terminals in LTE networks, ICI levels are rising and ICI becoming the dominant factor of the network capacity. Coordinated...
In this work we propose the exploitation of network diversity for vehicular communications, in which cellular networks are integrated with ad hoc communications as a potential solution for meeting the varied communication requirements of vehicular applications. Although there are a plethora of reported studies on either 802.11p Digital Short Range Communications (DSRC) or cellular networks, joint...
Orthogonal Frequency Division Multiple Access (OFDMA) has been adopted in the newest fifth generation radio networks (5G) such as Cloud Radio Access Networks (C-RANs) and Heterogeneous Cloud Radio Access Networks (H-CRANs). Therefore, new scheduling strategies should be projected. In 5G radio networks, restricted requirements must be considered to implement an effective service to users such as throughput,...
The quality of pre-hospital care and timely coordination of the stakeholders in the public health network, play a very important role maintaining the status of a patient. The integration of technology in emergency scenarios is proposed as a tool to improve response times, monitor patient status and even perform video-consultations between the site of the incident and medical personnel located in certain...
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