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Field-effect transistors (FETs) are commonly used as affinity-based electrical transducers, known as bioFETs. These sensors are, however, unable to directly detect uncharged molecules such as glucose, necessitating the use of ligand molecules. Further, the change of the electrical signal resulting from the biochemical reactions is often small. In the past decade, significant research was done to enhance...
To optimize the classic design trade-off between EMI noise and power efficiency in GaN power drivers at 10MHz and beyond, a closed-loop adaptive Miller Plateau sensing (AMPS) technique is proposed. In order to mitigate long delays and low accuracy issues in conventional Miller Plateau (MP) sensing approaches, an emulated MP tracking (EMPT) technique is adopted to achieve instant MP start point sensing...
Recent embedded ReRAM has a small resistance-ratio (R-ratio), which results in a small read sensing margin (ISM). A larger BL current (IBL) increases the input offset (IOS) of current-mode sense amplifiers (CSA), resulting in low-yield read operations and long read access times (TCD). This work proposes an IBL-aware small-IOS CSA, using a dynamic trip-point-mismatch sampling (DTPMS) scheme to increase...
The article describes a low-cost and open IoT platform for rural applications in developing countries. Using the latest low-power, long-range radio technologies and off-the-shelves components, the platform can be quickly deployed and customized for a large variery of rural applications. We present in the article how a low-cost IoT collar device especially addressing the cattle rustling issues can...
This paper presents a novel ISFET sensor architecture which uses Through-Silicon Vias (TSV) available in a standard CMOS process to serve as both the sensing surface to detect the release of ions and the reaction well which is necessary for DNA sequencing. Using TSVs ensures that no post-fabrication steps are needed to deposit the wells, on top of offering a very large sensing area compared to typical...
Delay-fault monitoring sensors are widely used for Dynamic Voltage and Frequency Scaling (DVFS) to compensate for intrinsic Process, Voltage, Temperature and Ageing (PVTA) variations. Such techniques are generally based on monitoring the circuit's critical paths. This paper presents a new delay-fault monitoring circuit, which is able to monitoring multiple paths simultaneously. The proposed circuitry...
The Internet of Things (IoT) consists of all kinds of sensors which collect much information. The privacy and anonymity in IoT is fundamental to the system and must be resolved. Sima proposed a protocol about lightweight authentication and key agreement and claimed to be secure and robust against all existing methods of attack. In this paper, the author points out the vulnerability of Sima's protocol...
Crowd behaviour analytics focuses on behavioural characteristics of groups of people instead of individuals' activities. This work considers human queuing behaviour which is a specific crowd behavior of groups. We design a plug-and-play system solution to the queue detection problem based on Wi-Fi/Bluetooth Low Energy (BLE) received signal strength indicators (RSSIs) captured by multiple signal sniffers...
This paper presents an approach that combines Internet of Things (IoT) technologies and classification methods to improve efficient usage of power consumption. We focused on energy use of electronic devices on standby mode, which represent from 5 to 26% of power consumption in a home. The proposed approach aims at predicting situation in which devices on standby can be turned off, reducing power consumption...
Internet of Things (IoT) will be one of the driving application for digital data generation in the next years as more than 50 billions of objects will be connected by 2020. IoT data can be processed and used by different devices spread all over the network. The traditional way of centralizing data processing in the Cloud can hardly scale because it cannot satisfy many of the latency critical IoT applications...
The number of connected Internet of Things (IoT) devices was about 8.9 billion in 2012 and it is statistically estimated to grow up to 50 billion devices in the beginning of 2020. The security of the IoT plays an important role in the correct and advantageous functionality of the interconnected devices. For efficiency considerations, some of the IoT data processing is optimal to be implemented in...
Driver behavior affects traffic safety, fuel/energy consumption and gas emissions. The purpose of driver behavior profiling is to understand and have a positive influence on driver behavior. Driver behavior profiling tasks usually involve an automated collection of driving data and the application of computer models to classify what characterizes the aggressiveness of drivers. Different sensors and...
The paper is aimed at researching the subject area, models and prototypes of secure mobile communication mesh networks providing support and operational management in critical emergency situations. Such a network represents a command technical complex that provides services of text messages and media data transfer, database services, web services, etc. A two-layer network architecture using Arduino...
The rapid advancement of robotics poses the problem of a deep integration of robotic systems in human environments. In order to achieve this symbiosis between humans and robots, the artificial systems have to take into account one of the most important aspects in human life: emotions. The recognition and understanding of human emotions is crucial for robotic systems to behave in appropriate ways according...
Low-Power Wide-Area Networks (LPWANs) are becoming one of the main building blocks for the Industrial IoT (IIoT) ecosystem, being an alternative to 2G/3G/4G cellular networks where long-range communication at very low speed is needed by battery powered sensors spread around the factory. Among the most promising approaches, SIGFOX stands out as an ultra-narrow band technology that allows similar signal...
Herein, we report the development, fabrication and evaluation of a fully solution processed low-voltage operation organic Field-effect transistor (OFET) sensor platform. The sensors performance was evaluated against ammonia as an example of environmental and health care monitoring applications. The sensor was able to detect ammonia at concentrations as low as 600 ppb under high humidity conditions...
The Internet of Things (IoT) enables several heterogeneous devices, sensors, wearables, appliances and many other objects to inter-communicate and provide support for heterogeneous services. An IoT network needs to enable exchange diverse data types including multimedia and sensor data and be capable of handling a large number of IoT objects offering services at high quality levels. This paper proposes...
The aim of this paper is to develop a prototype that control the railway gate using the micro-controller. Whenever train touches base at the sensor, caution is activated at the railway crossing so that the general population get instruction that entryway will be shut. At that point the control module initiates and shuts the gates on either side of the track. Once the train crosses, this module naturally...
A novel method for surface charge sensing using the Ψ-MOSFET is presented. Systematic measurements of out-of-equilibrium body potential were performed on SOI wafers. The interest of Ψ-MOSFET as a biochemical sensor is experimentally proved. The advantages of this method are good sensitivity, simplicity and low-voltage reading compared to the conventional ID-VG method.
Owing to its multigate structure, the Multistate Electrostatically Formed Nanowire Transistor (MSET) enables the implementation of various fundamental analog and digital functions with fewer components compared, e.g., with CMOS technology. Due to its low off-current and overall low energy dissipation, the MSET can be regarded ideal for low-power IoT applications that operate at moderate frequencies...
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