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Background: Carefully designed controlled studies are essential in further evaluating the therapeutic efficacy of transcranial magnetic stimulation (TMS) in psychiatric disorders. A major methodological concern is the design of the ''sham'' control for TMS. An ideal sham would produce negligible cortical stimulation in conjunction with a scalp sensation akin to real treatment. Strategies employed...
Acute experiments were conducted in sheep anaesthetized with sodium pentobarbital to identify regions in the brain where electrical stimulation would elicit movements of body parts. Stimulating the dorsal frontal cortex 2 mm from midline from the front of the brain backward for 30 mm caused movements, in order, of the lower jaw, face in general, neck, shoulder and front and back legs.
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