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In this paper, we propose a novel calibration scheme for a tri-axial magnetometer used in a magnetic compass. We first demonstrate that the most commonly used calibration method for tri-axial magnetometer, which is based on ellipsoid fitting, is unable to determine the inter-triad misalignment in a multi-sensor system. Then we discuss an improved calibration scheme that utilizes the invariance of...
This tutorial paper explains the principles and areas of application of oversampling data converters. A comparison between Nyquist-rate and oversampling converters is given, and some commonly used architectures discussed for both D/A and A/D oversampling converters.
Existing tone mapping operators (TMOs) provide good results in well-lit scenes, but often perform poorly on im-ages in low light conditions. In these scenes, noise is prevalent and gets amplified by TMOs, as they confuse contrast created by noise with contrast created by the scene. This paper presents a principled approach to produce tone mapped images with less visible noise. For this purpose, we...
Many vision and augmented reality applications require knowing the rotation of the camera relative to an object or scene. In this paper we propose to create a structured light field designed explicitly to simplify the estimation of camera rotation. The light field is created using a lenticular sheet with a color coded backplane pattern, creating a lightfield where the observed color depends on the...
We report about a GPS receiver relative calibration campaign, which took place between five European National Metrology Institutes or Designated Institutes: LNE-SYRTE in Observatoire de Paris (Paris, France), where the reference receiver of the campaign was located, ROA (San Fernando, Spain), SP (Borås, Sweden), PTB (Braunschweig, Germany) and INRIM (Torino, Italy). We used as traveling equipment...
The purpose of the work is to develop testing and calibration technique of large phased antenna arrays using reference noise generator as a standard signal source. This technique is developed for calibration of the phased antenna array of the unique decameter wave radio telescope UTR-2, but they could be easy adapted for similar large arrays with analog and digital beam forming.
This paper presents a low-power, low-cost transceiver for multi-standard applications (ANT+, BLE) in the 2.4GHz Industrial, Scientific and Medical band. Using analog intensive design techniques it achieves 46dB front-end gain, 5.6dB NF, −36dBm IP1dB in RX, +2dBm in TX complying with FCC, ETSI class 2 and ARIB regulations while consuming 5.0mA from a 3V supply using only two external matching network...
The size of SKA-Low stations affects calibration of the instrument, and the science that can be performed. We analyse the differences in instrumental calibration when varying station size, for a fixed total effective area and array layout. The Cramer-Rao Bound (CRB) is used as a metric to quantify the theoretical optimal performance for estimating direction-dependent station gains (amplitude and phase),...
High-performance op-amps in a switched-capacitor pipelined ADC consume high power to meet accuracy and speed requirements. This is aggravated by the decrease in intrinsic transistor gain and voltage headroom in nanoscale CMOS. Developments in pipelined ADCs have taken many unique directions to address these issues. Digital calibration of nonlinearity has enabled the use of low-performance op-amps...
Existing non-invasive lung cancer diagnostic equipment has difficulty in detecting early stage lung cancer as abnormal tissue is smaller than 0.5cm in size. According to studies showing that volatile organic compounds (VOCs) from human breath gas can provide biomarkers for human disease, especially for lung cancer [1], a non-invasive method was developed to measure the exhaled air from cancer patients...
A multi-stage noise-shaping (MASH) architecture is an attractive approach for its aggressive noise-shaping capability and relaxed stability requirements. However, in practice the quantization noise leakage associated with the mismatch between analog and digital transfer functions degrades performance significantly. The discrete-time (DT) Sturdy-MASH (SMASH) architecture avoids this problem, and promises...
The paper presents a unified framework that aims at stabilization of real time images captured from a photosensitive sensor mounted on any mobile platform. Typically the real time images obtained from a mobile platform are prone to suffer from unwanted stray noise, presence of jitter, camera distortions which lead to suppression of finer details and thus make extraction of required information about...
Extreme learning machine (ELM) as an emergent technology has shown its good performance in regression applications as well as in large dataset classification applications. It has been broadly embedded in many applications due to its fast speed of computation and accuracy. How to make good use of machine learning techniques in Indoor Positioning System (IPS) is a hot research topic in recent years...
Many applications require the use of multiple cameras to cover a large volume. In this paper, we evaluate several pairwise calibration techniques dedicated to multiple range cameras. We compare the precision of a self-calibration technique based on the movement in front of the cameras to object based calibration. While the self-calibration technique is less precise than its counterparts, it yields...
This paper describes the architecture and schematic design of a 4 GS/s radix-1.75 pipeline ADC in 28 nm CMOS technology. Due to large mismatch effects, a foreground calibration procedure with characterization of the transfer functions of the single pipeline stages is necessary. The gained information is used in a pure digital backend calculation. This allows increasing the effective resolution to...
A small-area energy-efficient true random number generator (TRNG) is presented. This TRNG introduces a jitter signal generator to realize the noise pre-amplification, and utilizes a metastable latch to resolve the jitter edges. Moreover, to tolerate the process and environment variations, an offset calibration is employed to dynamically correct the bias of the probability of logic 0/1 in background...
This paper reports an integrated 64-channel neural recording sensor. Neural signals are acquired, filtered, digitized and compressed in the channels. Additionally, each channel implements an auto-calibration mechanism which configures the transfer characteristics of the recording site. The system has two transmission modes; in one case the information captured by the channels is sent as uncompressed...
This paper deals with the RCS (Radar Cross Section) acquisition procedure in the anechoic chamber of ENSTA Bretagne. This device will be used in the comparison of RCS measurements organized by a French working group (GTi) [1]. One objective of this group is to determine uncertainties in an anechoic chamber from RCS measurements of different targets. In this paper, we present our experimental system...
In order to minimize the impact of on-chip Ldi/dt noise on power and performance, Oracle's SPARC M6 processor features an Asymmetric Frequency Locked Loop (AFLL) that dynamically adjusts chip frequency. It achieves 15% improved noise immunity by reacting to the voltage noise asymmetrically through the use of a pair of DCO's that accurately track the response of critical paths. The AFLL is implemented...
The MWR instrument builds, together with the SRAL altimeter, the Sentinel-3 (S3) topography mission in the frame of the EC Copernicus program. The MWR provides information for tropospheric path correction of SRAL measurements, and its data can also be used for determining surface emissivity and soil moisture over land, for surface energy budget investigations and ice characterization. The MWR is a...
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