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This paper studies a practical implementation of a renewable microgrid in a city in the Northwest region of the U.S.A. The microgrid is sourced mainly by the hydro-generation location in midst of the city and future solar installations, which combined could be adequate to run some of the critical loads in the city. This paper will shed light on the possible independent operation of microgrid with...
This paper presents a mathematical formulation for centralized energy management strategy (EMS) of microgrids in both grid connected and isolated modes. The microgrid energy management is formulated as an unit commitment problem with regard to the distribution network and the corresponding constraints leading to a mixed-integer non-linear programming (MINLP) formulation. In order to reduce the computational...
This paper investigates cyber-attacks compromising the data integrity of inverter-based islanded microgrids featuring an energy storage system (ESS), a wind turbine generator (WTG), a photovoltaic system (PV) and controllable loads. The ESS operates as the isochronous generator, responsible for forming the microgrid voltage and frequency, whereas the WTG and PV distributed energy resources (DER) operate...
The power flow analysis is one of the important tools of the power management system. The load flow study is essential for proper design and stable operation of power system so as to improve its reliability. The work presents the effect of penetration of a Microgrid into the Main grid. New algorithm is proposed for evaluating optimal penetration ratio of Microgrid. The line losses are minimum at this...
The objective of this paper is to improve the frequency regulation of an islanded microgrid system consisting of non-battery-backed photovoltaic (PV) systems. Operating the PV system in limited power point tracking (LPPT) mode gives provision for the application of droop control on the PV system active power, which in turn enhances the frequency regulation of the microgrid. The LPPT is a control technique...
This paper presents a new method for operating microgrid. Basic control methodology is to de-couple PQ control for grid-forming distributed generator (DG) whose new extra role is to act as reactive power sensor besides generating real power into the microgrid. Reactive power from the grid-forming DG is transferred to and from the instantaneous var compensator when there is a switch-in or switch-off...
Microgrids are becoming increasingly popular with consumers. In the near future, many microgrids will be installed for consumers with widely varying energy needs. The most challenging of the requirements for these microgrids is finding a suitable protection scheme that is able to protect the microgrid in both grid-connected and islanded modes of operation. The purpose of this paper will be to provide...
Microgrids define a new paradigm in the smart grid concept for distributed energy resources integration. As one of the key enabling components of the smart grid, microgrids can operate independently of or in parallel with the utility grid. Since most of the distributed resources are renewable energy based, the dynamics of the system change due to their unpredictable and intermittent nature. Accordingly,...
The higher penetration of Non Dispatchable Energy Sources inspite of its many obvious benefits may cause system stability into jeopardize. Also its ability to increase system reliability needs to be examined due to its inherent intermittency. This problem can be overcome by using a mix of renewable energy sources and also the use of storage units. A Microgrid consisting of wind and PV connected to...
This paper deals with a standalone microgrid system using a generalized filter based control technique for VF (Voltage and Frequency) control and improving power quality. This microgrid system consists of a SPV (Solar Photovoltaic) array, diesel driven self-excited induction generator (SEIG) and a storage system (Lead-Acid Battery). This control approach is used for generating the reference source...
Energy management system (EMS) plays a crucial role in Microgrids. It is responsible for the power balance between generation and consumption. Different architectures for EMS are possible: the centralized, decentralized and hierarchical. The hierarchical is a good candidate to smooth the transition from the existing power management system to the Microgrid (MG) management configuration. Besides, multiagent...
The Brazilian Amazon is located in the Northern region of Brazil with rich and unused resources. In spite of the availability of the sources, the region has been characterized with the lack of electricity and, consequently, has a higher level of poverty in the country. Reasons include very low rural electrification, low electricity demand, topographical difficulties, dispersed communities, and small...
In this paper, multi-agent architecture was used to provide control for standalone microgrid with distributed generations. Therefore, to achieve a faster control compared to the centralized controller, each agent incorporated with a local prediction or forecasting model to provide anticipatory responses. To accomplish their common goals successfully, the agents cooperated based on facilitator architecture...
Dynamic engineering-economic models for real-time energy market was proposed. Dynamic connection between profit, price and energy power was shown. Power generator in the proposed model oriented for received of profit and its maximization.
Lack of quality electricity supply in the remote areas is one of the main hindering factors of global development. Many countries around the world are trying to utilize renewable energy sources for remote electrification including developing countries like Bangladesh. After the renowned Solar Home System (SHS) program, Bangladesh is now focusing on solar PV-diesel hybrid minigrid system to reach more...
Renewable technology based Micro Grid (MG) are mostly implemented with power electronic devices. Those MGs have no or very small aggregated physical inertia, depending on the generation technology used. Reduction in system inertia may have negative influence on stability of the system where the MG is integrated. Conversely power injection from MG might reduce line congestion, stress on synchronous...
This paper proposes the real-time implementation of an energy management system (EMS) optimization sequence and enumerates a set of performance metrics for grid-connected microgrids. The operation and performance of the proposed microgrid EMS is validated using a real-time hardware-in-the-loop (HIL) testing platform. The test system emulates the microgrid network, the distributed energy resources...
In this paper, a nonlinear control method is proposed to improve the primary frequency control for doubly fed induction generator (DFIG) wind turbine system. Individual wind turbines in wind power plant are controlled in deloaded operation to provide the frequency support during depressed frequency conditions. By considering of nonlinearity of the system, input-output linearization method is applied...
This manuscript presents a comprehensive mathematical model for multi-objective optimization problem of the microgrid. The microgrid consists of houses and local plants, each seen as independent agents with their specific goals. We, also, propose a heuristic algorithm for optimizing the electricity cost by using the concept of load shifting and renewable power sharing among houses in the microgrid...
The paper illustrates the development and the implementation of a Distribution State Estimation (DSE) algorithm for the Low Voltage Test Facility with Distributed Energy Resources of the Italian Research center RSE. The algorithm is integrated into a Distribution Management System within the control system of the Test Site organized as a microgrid. The Test Facility is equipped with conventional and...
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