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A Microgrid (MG) has a major role in power system. Because of its numerous benefits, such as its ability to reduce environmental impact and enhance the reliability of a power system. Hence, Multi-MG (MMG) consisted of multiple MGs is being studied intensively. This paper proposes the optimal power exchange of MMG with hierarchical coordination. The whole system architecture consists of two layers:...
Since shipboard power systems are inherently islanded and consist of energy intensive sources and loads, it is an interesting application for dc microgrids. The object of this paper is to explore the merits of dc based shipboard power distribution as compared to conventional ac solutions. A survey of current initiatives, emerging concepts and design challenges is carried out. Based on the review,...
DC distribution systems (DCDS) connect local generators and loads directly. By avoiding unnecessary losses in AC-DC conversion, DCDS offers higher energy efficiency. Since different parties in a DCDS may have conflicting goals, matching between power supply and demand should be done with carefully designed allocation rules and monetary transfers, such that no one prefers to act otherwise than the...
Methods of development of formal mathematical models and control methods of channels of transmission information. It is shown that the main methods of controlling the state of transmission channels are reduced to the total, and the separate divisional methods.
The use of Intelligent Electronic Devices (IEDs) in electrical substations has brought a great improvement in terms of speed, costs, maintenance, and reliability. In this context, the use of IEC 61850 standard appears as one of the main recommendations for substation automation in smart grids that digitally perform the electrical network control and protection. Nevertheless, this improvement may be...
We define multi-block interleaved codes as codes that allow reading information from either a small sub-block or from a larger full block. The former offers faster access, while the latter provides better reliability. We specify the correction capability of the sub-block code through its gap t from optimal minimum distance, and look to have full-block minimum distance that grows with the parameter...
Interruptions in power supply, mainly due to the lack of generation adequacy and the discontinuity of distribution network operation, are significant inconvenience for customers connected to the power network. To quantify the duration of expected outages for customers of Polish power system LOLE and SAIDI indices were applied. The demand response program for customers most exposed to interruptions...
In light of the inadequate state of Nigerias power sector in comparison to the US, this paper proposes a plug-and-play microgrid concept or Microgrid-as-a-Service (MaaS) for application in an urban Nigeria setting. We focus on an islanded microgrid setup wherein the microgrid will not need the grid-connectivity functionality, ceteris paribus. Under the MaaS plaform, customers can switch between the...
With the increasing size of the wind farms, the impact of the wake effect on the energy yields and lifetime consumption of wind turbine can no longer be neglected. In this paper, the affecting factors like the wind speed and wind direction are investigated in terms of the single wake and multiple wakes. As the power converter is the most fragile component among the turbine system, its lifetime estimation...
In countries with Capacity Mechanisms in place, where Explicit Interconnector Participation model is to be used, one of the key market design questions to be answered is how the amount of interconnector capacity that is allowed to participate in the auctions should be determined. This paper argues for an interconnector capacity de-rating approach. In order for the de-rating factor to be representative...
Current models of capacity market designs in the U.S. and elsewhere ignore the important issue of carbon emission produced by power generators. While the current designs may produce optimal and efficient capacity market prices, these designs contribute little or nothing to reduce such emission. In this paper, we present a novel alternative to the current capacity market design which can realistically...
This paper discusses GRIDCo's generator connection procedures and requirements. It provides adequate guidance to the prospective generator connection applicant proposing to connect its generator to the National Interconnected Transmission System (NITS) and allay uncertainties in the connection process. Typical means of connecting generating facilities to the NITS have been illustrated. Identification...
The article describes technical solutions improving ecological and resource-consumption properties of the autonomous power supply systems of mobile base stations based on renewable energy sources, while ensuring the required reliability and security of power supply. These include replacement of the diesel-generator with clean energy source — an electrochemical generator based on hydrogen fuel cells,...
The electrical power generation and distribution system for one of the Platform (Platform ‘A’) was designed different from earlier fixed drilling and production platforms in the North Sea. The main difference is that there is no dedicated emergency generator on board. Instead each of the three main generators has been upgraded to a standard normally associated with emergency sets. This provides higher...
In this paper, a new analytical method and a corresponding two-step procedure are proposed for a wind power generation system design. This comprehensive new method can achieve the wind energy potential evaluation, reliability and costs assessment. In Step 1, the wind energy potential is investigated through the Weibull two-parameter model using the hourly wind speed data of a site. The graphic method...
In this article, authors developed a model for one particular example of microgrid and considered possibilities to integrate solar panels and power storage into existing grid with diesel generator. The choice of configuration is described and power Quasi-Dynamic simulations are performed for the verification of the model. This paper mainly focuses on reliability issues and considers probability of...
Transmission and Distribution (T&D) Companies tie to several generation plants and other utilities to make an electric transmission grid. Each of the interconnection facilities is governed by the Guidelines that ensure smooth operation of the Power System. However, the Interconnection guidelines are generally limited to equipment at the Point of Interconnection (POI), therefore a thorough investigation...
Generally, we can speed up fault location procedures and reduce the recovery time via installing telecontrolled and automated sectionalizers in distribution networks. Besides, circuit breakers can also be installed in the network to reduce the average number of users' outages. However, the number of circuit breakers (CBs) is limited by the time selectivity. In smart grid perspective, the usage of...
Because various uncertainties in power systems including forecast errors of load and wind power as well as forced outages of generators are difficult to be comprehensively and accurately considered, the existing methods of spinning reserve optimization considering low-carbon factors cost cannot coordinate the impacts of wind power scheduling on the reliability, economy and low-carbon emission of power...
Many rural communities are not able to access the main power grid supply due to high cost associated with grid extension. The stand-alone renewable energy based hybrid power system is a significant adaptation to cope with increasing power demand along with environmental consideration in rural communities. In such a system, determining the correct size and capacity of renewable generating units to...
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