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Maximizing energy capture during wind turbine operation plays a crucial role in increasing wind energy's economic viability and its penetration in the grid. Variable speed operation enables the turbine to extract more energy during partial load operation or Region 2 operation. Various control algorithms have been developed to maximize the benefit of using variable ratio operation. However, the existing...
Integrating additional wind energy into the existing power system may cause wind curtailment due to the system operational constraints and reliability requirements. Effective ways to mitigate this problem are to use energy storage or increase transmission capacity. In this paper, the impacts of coordinating with pumped storage and increasing transmission capacity on wind output curtailment mitigation...
This paper presents a battery-based storage (BBS) for wind generator (WG) system. The BBS is composed by an Asymmetric Cascaded H-Bridge Multilevel Inverter (ACMI) with staircase modulation. The proposed structure is connected in parallel to the whole WG system. Such connection plus the use of the ACMI allow a reduction in the power losses, compared to the commonly found storages connected where the...
Power systems around the world have set ambitious targets for renewable energy integration. Several jurisdictions incentivize renewables such as the Feed-in Tariff in Ontario, Canada. These incentives shall eventually run out and renewables would have to competitively sell energy into electricity markets, overcoming uncertainty and variability in their output. This paper proposes a Wind Generators...
This paper presents ways of estimating CO2 reductions of wind power using different methodologies. Estimates based on historical data have more pitfalls in methodology than estimates based on dispatch simulations. Taking into account exchange of electricity with neighboring regions is challenging for all methods. Results for CO2 emission reductions are shown from several countries. Wind power will...
Wind energy is beneficial both economically and environmentally, while its utilization levels are still far from satisfactory and has plenty of room to be improved. One way to achieve this is to make use of the heat storage in some of the thermal generators to obtain fast ramping capabilities, so that they can catch up with the fluctuating and intermittent wind energy. Output characteristics of such...
The optimal bidding strategy for trading electricity from a wind farm is not always clear. This paper outlines a method for predicting whether the market will be long or short and uses this information to select the best quantile regression for the current market conditions. Results from a simulation with a 2.5MW turbine produced a savings of over £1000 over a three month period compared to using...
This paper proposes an optimal control strategy for participation of wind farms (WFs) in primary frequency control. In this strategy, we exploit wake interaction in a WF to maximise the total kinetic energy (KE) of the wind turbines' (WTs') rotating masses in the WF, and optimally deploy this KE after a frequency event to reduce the frequency nadir, by controlling the rate of change of the rotor speed...
New generations of turbines have lower repair and maintenance costs than the previous generation. This is justified by the development of new components and materials. As the power of newer turbines is usually substantially larger, it is possible to get an economy of scale and lower maintenance costs per kW of rated power. This is simply because it is not needed to service a large turbine more often...
CSC topology with natural advantages in terms of simple structure, grid friendly waveforms, controllable power factor, and reliable grid short-circuit protection is considered to be a promising converter configuration for use in mediumvoltage (kV) high-power (MW) PMSG based wind energy systems. In view of this, three types of configurations for current source converter (CSC) based medium-voltage PMSG...
A large integration of offshore wind power plants and the construction of an offshore transmission network is expected for the next years. This network is also expected to interconnect onshore transmission systems. A key question to this endeavour is whether this offshore network should be n-1 redundant like the onshore network, or whether the onshore power system is strong enough to cope with failures...
This paper aims to compare the effect of wind energy penetration on electricity prices by considering different levels of installed wind capacities. The market clearing problem is formulated as a two stage stochastic optimization problem, where the first stage represents the clearing of the market with scheduled wind production and the second stage models the balancing market operations with different...
This paper presents modeling and power quality analysis of an integrated renewable energy system (RES) aimed at supplying electrical power to communities residing at remote locations, far from the grid supply. A decentralized power generation in the form of integrated system is proposed comprising of a solar photovoltaic (PV) system, a wind energy system (WES) and a micro hydro system (MHS) to supply...
Photovoltaic (PV) and wind energies are renewable and clean, which can be alternative to fossil fuels. The PV/wind hybrid system optimal design problem is the hot topic nowadays. The aim of the optimal design is to develop an independent energy supply system with minimum total annual cost and loss power supply probability by determining the number of PV panels, wind turbines and backup batteries....
A sliding mode control strategy for speed tracking problem in variable speed wind turbine system is proposed in this paper. It is developed from the mechanical equation of the turbine-generator rotor. The validation of the proposed control is done using OPAL-RT real-time simulator and electrical modules from Lab-Volt. The proposed control strategy provides robustness to the parametric uncertainties...
In this paper, system level design of an oscillating wave energy conversion system (WECS) using doubly-fed induction generator (DFIG) is compared with systems using squirrel-cage induction generator (SCIG) and permanent magnet synchronous generator (PMSG). The comparative study is carried out considering major hardware components and their rating requirements for each system. Although, SCIG and PMSG...
This paper describes the design process of a 10 MW permanent magnet synchronous generator for wind turbine application. In order to achieve a high power output combined with a relatively low weight, a ring structure is chosen for the generator, with the generator's length being less than 1/30 of the diameter. To reduce weight further, a tooth-wound coil winding is chosen for the generator. The electromagnetic...
Interest in using magnet-less switched reluctance generators for wind turbines applications continues to gain popularity. Mainly due to unstable price of the magnet raw material that is one of the main challenges for engineers to forecast the final cost of the wind turbine. This paper presents design of a direct drive switched reluctance generator (DDSRG) for wind turbine applications using Finite-Element...
This paper describes design, simulation, fabrication, and testing of a miniature wind energy harvester based on a flapping cantilevered piezoelectric beam. The wind generator is based on oscillations of a cantilever that faces the direction of the airflow. The oscillation is amplified by interactions between an aerofoil attached on the cantilever and a bluff body placed in front of the aerofoil. A...
The applications of wind energy develops much more rapidly than the other renewable resources such as solar, geothermal etc. in the 21st century. It becomes the third core energy resource following non conventional fuels as oil and chemical. Electrical energy generated by wind power plants is the fastest developing and most promising renewable energy source. The wind is a clean, free and inexhaustible...
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