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the abundance of freely available wind energy comes with downside of being stochastic and inconsistent in nature. These properties are not particularly suited for a critically balanced system like electrical transmission grid. This work is primarily focused on assessing the effect of uncertain and stochastic nature of wind power on the stresses it imposes on transmission grid. This impact is studied...
Wind energy is widely considered as a major source of clean energy. As such, wind turbines are becoming popular in the renewable energy world. The output of the wind turbine varies with randomly changing speed of the wind. This is a critical problem for wind turbines in general, and fixed speed wind generators in particular. However, conventional pitch controllers and governor control systems are...
A novel configuration of a compressed air assisted wind energy conversion system is proposed to capture the mechanical spillage of a wind turbine and store it as the compressed air. The compressed air storage could be used to supplement electric power generation. The compact design utilizes the surplus capacities of blades and generator, and combines the compressor and expander into one machine. The...
This paper proposes a novel current/voltage sensor fault detection and isolation (FDI) method for wind energy conversion systems (WECSs) based on the power balance principle. The proposed method uses the sensor-measured signals to calculate the imbalanced power in the power converters of a WECS, which is then used as the indicator for sensor fault detection. The fault isolation process is started...
This paper reports on the design and testing results from the U.S. Department of Energy Next-Generation Wind Turbine Drivetrain Project. The drivetrain design reduces the cost of energy by increasing energy capture through drivetrain efficiency improvements; by reducing operation and maintenance costs through reducing gearbox failures; and by lowering capital costs through weight reduction and a series...
This paper presents a variable-speed wind energy conversion system (WECS) maximizing wind energy extraction using the tip-speed ratio (TSR) control method without direct measurement of wind speed. In the proposed WECS the wind speed is estimated by a fuzzy wind speed estimator. The wind speed estimates are used to determine the generator speed reference required by TSR control method. Simulated to...
Energy storage has been discussed in the electricity industry for many years. Today, energy storage enjoys a growing sense of promise, as many expect it will become a viable part of the electric system over the next decade. However, there are still very real challenges to the cost-effective deployment of storage solutions. The work described in this paper highlights the advantages of techno-economical...
This paper proposes a novel two-stage stochastic optimization model that incorporates effect of dynamic line rating (DLR) on transmission network operation with increased penetration of wind generation, explicitly considering uncertainty in both wind generation and line rating. The stochastic model co-optimizes energy and reserve holding levels for the forecasted/expected condition (that with zero...
Three types of offshore wind power collection topologies are studied for DC power systems in this paper. Permanent Magnet Synchronous Generator (PMSG) based Wind Energy Conversion System (WECS) is considered and the Optimal Power Control (OPC) is used for the Maximum Power Point Track (MPPT) control. The failure of a wind power unit is regarded as the fault condition in this paper. Voltage control...
Fuel cell is an emerging energy source, which is characterized with advantages feature like non dependency of environment conditions, clean source of power generation etc. Use of fuel in grid independent operation may be attributed with challenges like load transients and voltage unbalancing. The paper presents and innovative approach to mitigate the challenges face during the grid independent operation...
The intermittent wind power will impact system operation cost, and voltage profile as well. Voltage profile can be enhanced by implementing energy storage system. Thus the optimal operation of storage devices under wind energy system is of great interest. In this paper, the uncertainty of wind power is tackled by scenario-based approach, and then the optimization problem becomes deterministic under...
The installed power capacity of grid-connected wind energy conversion systems (WECSs) has increased exponentially around the world. The size of each unit is also increasing as they are becoming more affordable. The grid is a highly non-linear system due to wide spread use of power electronically switched loads and devices. Hence, the grid disturbances affect the output of the WECSs. This paper presents...
In this paper the analysis of Doubly Fed Induction Generator (DFIG) based Wind Energy Conversion System (WECS) is carried out and simultaneously the behavior of DFIG based WECS under normal and abnormal condition is discussed. At rotor side during abnormal condition it is observed that the dc link voltage and rotor speed of DFIG wind turbine increases, whereas the terminal voltage and the active power...
At present, haze has been raging over main cities in China. As a clean, contaminant free and regenerative energy, wind power has received wide acknowledgement and rapid development. Wind power generation has been developing with a tendency for big capacity, variable rotation speed, direct driving and intelligent control. On the basis of control target for wind power generation system, this document...
The paper discusses the feasibility of installing renewable energy generation technologies on sea-going transport, taking into account the additional weight and power consumption. This study in based on the power management of a 26,198 tonne commercial chemical tanker. The management system would aim at reducing the number of generators as well as the power required from burning fossil fuels. After...
This paper deals with the modeling and control of a Wind Energy Conversion System (WECS) based on a Permanent Magnet Synchronous Generator (PMSG). The WECS operate at variable speed and the control algorithm is based on Direct Power Control (DPC) with an AC/DC conversion system with a PI controller for the DC bus output. The laboratory test system is developed with an emulator of a wind turbine and...
Due to the expansion of intermittent renewable energies like solar and wind in the European power system, the need for flexibility is increasing steadily. This paper evaluates and compares the forecast quality and the need for flexibility in the system due to wind energy in five EU countries and quantifies the influence of a “theoretical market coupling”. The latter analysis shows that a further integration...
This paper solves an optimization problem to minimize the emission due to carbon oxides, nitrogen oxides and sulfur oxides with cost as a constraint for a wind-solar-thermal power system. Wind and solar energy can reach significant penetration in modern power system and they will introduce additional uncertainties. Market price is mainly influenced by the generating fuel cost, as the wind and solar...
Wind energy is a prominent area of application of variable-speed generators operating on the constant grid frequency. This paper describes the operation and control of one of these variable-speed wind generators: the direct driven permanent magnet synchronous generator (PMSG). This generator is connected to the power network by means of a fully controlled frequency converter, which consists of a pulse-width-modulation...
In on-grid/off-grid wind energy conversion systems (WECS), a backup storage is usually required in order to deal with high and low energy generation situations and to make the system more autonomous. In this paper, a nonlinear energy management control scheme for a WECS which includes a battery-storage unit with the capability to operate in grid-connected and standalone modes is proposed. The main...
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