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The paper deals with the problem of ensuring the security of vehicles and transport infrastructure. The urgency of these problems is justified and the potential threats and vulnerabilities are investigated for different types of transport. Approaches to ensure transport security are proposed. The main conclusions and recommendations are formulated.
This study introduces the behavior of human driver's delay in model checking to verify the interaction between a driver and an automated driving system (ADS). An ADS interacts with humans, including other drivers and pedestrians to ensure safety on roads. In particular, human drivers and Level 3 ADSs must take control of the vehicle when the safety may be compromised. Since human driver behavior is...
In recent years, the concept of Internet of Vehicles (IoV) is becoming a hot research issue. However, too much and clutter information received by drivers through IoV may affect their driving attention. It is necessary to provide drivers effective guide and notification services according to time, locations and events. This study proposes a Message Queue Telemetry Transport (MQTT) based guide and...
A driver's inattention to or disregard for the minimum safety distance creates a hazardous situation in which avoiding a rear-end collision is nearly impossible. In a joint effort to implement safety and decision-making processes at an individual level, we present in this paper a cooperative approach to increase the driver's visual awareness of safe distances. Our Tailigator system garners information...
Based on the further research of STCA and F-STCA cellular automata traffic flow model, combined with the actual situation of the symmetric same direction two-lane traffic flow, improved the risk description of vehicle lane-changing in the driving, a more perfect distance constraint rule and cellular automata traffic flow model are proposed, which are more in line with the actual situation of symmetric...
Based on current technologies, automated driving systems needs the human driver to monitor the environment and the machine. One way to enhance the driver to watch the environment is to make him/her put his/her hands on the steering wheel. Under the condition that the human collaborates with the automation, it is important for the automation to be designed that the automation is trustworthy. One of...
Automated driving vehicles of the future will most likely include multiple modes and levels of operation and thus include various transitions of control (ToC) between human and machine. Traditional activation devices (e.g., knobs, switches, buttons, and touchscreens) may be confused by operators among other system setting manipulators and also susceptible to inappropriate usage. Non-intrusive eye-tracking...
Advanced driver assistance systems are required to detect latent hazards posed by surrounding vehicles and generate an appropriate response to enhance safety. Lane changes constitute potentially risky maneuvers, as drivers involved encounter latent hazards due to surrounding vehicles. A careful study of lane change behavior is therefore essential in identifying potential abnormalities that may lead...
Driving with shared control systems has been shown to be efficient in reducing collisions during a lane change. However, the ability of the current shared control systems is limited and their absolute reliability is not assured. The goal of this study is to determine how changes in system performance affect human-machine cooperation and safety. An experiment using a driving simulator was designed...
This paper presents an intelligent electronic steering program (IESP), which combines steering shared control with electronic road departure mitigation control via individual wheel braking. It is based on a recently published control allocation and moderation method designed to improve the vehicle's cornering performance in friction-limiting conditions. Here we develop the concept further in terms...
The most common road right of tram can be described as independent at road section and mixed at the intersection, so the conflict between tram and other types of traffic modes appears. As tramcar has a high operating speed and long braking distance, some potential safety hazards may exist. Paper finds that most tram accident occurs at the intersection and collision with pedestrians has the most serious...
Local vehicle density estimation is an integral part of various applications of Vehicular Ad-hoc Networks (VANETs) such as congestion control and congestion traffic estimation. Currently, many applications use beacons to estimate this density. However, many studies show that the reception rate of these beacons can significantly drop at short distances due to a broadcast storm problem in high-density...
This paper presents a low power Wireless Safety Detection Sensor (WSDS) system to prevent fatal accidents with vehicles on construction sites. It helps providing increased safety for construction workers and eliminates back over accidents. The system employs three combined techniques which are the (1) 868 MHz radio frequency, (2) directional antennas, and (3) 40 kHz ultrasound waves. In order to secure...
In this paper, we proposed a novel algorithm based on fuzzy model using both integrated HVI data (face and bio-signal) and in-vehicle data (turn signal etc.) in order to detect drowsiness and distracted driving, nonfulfillment of safety distance, and lane departure warning. Also, the proposed algorithm was implementation to the integrated ECU. From experiment results, our proposed algorithm will be...
Always keeping a certain distance between vehicles in a platoon is important for collision avoidance. Centralized platoon systems let the leader vehicle determine and notify the velocities of all the vehicles in the platoon. Unfortunately, such a centralized method generates high packet drop rate and communication delay due to the leader vehicle's limited communication capability. Therefore, we propose...
A large amount of traffic-related data, including traffic statistics, accident statistics, road information, and drivers' and pedestrians' comments, is being collected through sensors and social media networks. We focus on the issue of extracting traffic risk factors from such heterogeneous data and ranking locations according to the extracted factors. In general, it is difficult to define traffic...
Air safety authorities are forced to develop regulations for UAS due to incidents disturbing public safety and demands from UAS operators. Despite numerous studies from the FAA and EASA, none of them decided on a regulation for UASs. The reliability of the flight is considered to be one of the main obstacles for UAVs integration. This is not an easy topic considering the unknowns of the systems, environment...
The paper illustrates the basic ideas and relevant algorithmic developments underlying the proposal for a task-priority based control approach to distributed data-driven ocean sampling applications. This approach is deemed allowing a better formalization of the overall motion problem of the involved team of agents; that apart the ultimate mission objective, also result characterized by other different...
As demands increase to use unmanned aircraft systems (UAS) for a broad spectrum of commercial applications, regulatory authorities are examining how to safely integrate them without loss of safety or major disruption to existing airspace operations. This work addresses the development of the Safeguard system as an assured safety net technology for UAS. The Safeguard system monitors and enforces conformance...
NASA's Unmanned Aerial System (UAS) Traffic Management (UTM) project aims at enabling near-term, safe operations of small UAS vehicles in uncontrolled airspace, i.e., Class G airspace. A far-term goal of UTM research and development is to accommodate the expected rise in small UAS traffic density throughout the National Airspace System (NAS) at low altitudes for beyond visual line-of-sight operations...
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